Supply of nutrients and minerals dietary substances in dairy cows in the mountainous biogeochemical province of the republic of Dagestan

УДК 636.2:636.084.084/.523(470.64)
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-6-15-17

Aliev A. A., Karpushchenko K. A., Aliev A. Yu.

Summary. The etiology of metabolic disorders in farm animals is directly dependent on the quality and quantity of essential nutrients and minerals entering the body. Due to the fact that diets often contain a deficiency of some elements and an excess of other elements, the prov ision of feed rations with nutrients and minerals and the development of formulatioens of biologically active compounds for the prevention of metabolic disorders is an urgent task. In modern conditions, due to the deterioration of the ecological environment, the quality of feed has decreased significantly. Shifts towards decrease also occurred in the content of mineral elements. The authors studied the provision of feed rations for cows with nutrients and minerals in the conditions of the mountainous biogeochemical province of the Republic of Dagestan. The content of mineral substances was studied in forage plants, prepared feed, and components of animal diets. The results of biochemical studies of the feed ration of cows in the autumn-winter period revealed an imbalance and inferiority in nutrients and biologically active substances. Thus, the deficiency of feed protein (protein) was 34.21%, sugar - 62.05%, phosphorus -51.59%, sodium - 58.50%, iron - 54.07%, manganese - 44.20%, copper -50.89%, zinc - 75.63%, cobalt - 71.77%, iodine - 78.68% and selenium - 79.45% with a slight excess of potassium and calcium, respectively, 7.53 and 4.12% , which contributes to pathological disruptions in the general biochemical and immune status and negatively affects the productivity and antioxidant status of the animal body. The results obtained will make it possible to develop effective sciencebased, environmentally friendly drugs for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with deficiency and excess of minerals in the body of animals in the mountainous biogeochemical province of the Republic of Dagestan.

Keywords: large horned cattle, cows, feed ration, nutritional value of feed, biologically active substances, minerals, mountain biogeochemical province, macro- and microelementoses, deficiency, Republic of Dagestan.

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Author affiliation:

Karpushchenko Karine A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Leading Scientific Researcher of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-903-4235495, e-mail: pznivi@mail.ru.

Aliev Ayub Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Director of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; e-mail: alievayb1@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Aliev Abdulgamid A., D.Sc. in Biology, Chief Scientific Researcher of the Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-903-4274563; e-mail: gamid-utamish@mail.ru.