Distribution and main biological properties of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa isolates in pig farms of Krasnodar region

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2020-6-17-22

Skorikov A.V.

Summary. Bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas aeruginosa are widespread microorganisms in pig breeding enterprises of the region, and due to virulent factors and pathogenic properties, in the etiological aspect, it poses a significant threat to the body of various sex and age groups of pigs. In the form of a monoculture, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in 14.7% of cases, in association with other microorganisms - in 85.2%, and the highest proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was manifested in association with Escherichia coli (47.8%), microorganisms that cause the clinic of gastrointestinal diseases in piglets during suckling and weaning periods. A feature of the epizootic manifestation of pseudomonosis in pigs in the conditions of industrial pig breeding is enzootic outbreaks. In 79.9% of cases, growth is accompanied by the formation of a water-soluble pigment of the phenotazine series pyocyanin on selective nutrient media in isolate colonies, in 80-83 % of cases, on MPA with 5 % defibrinated blood, Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies cause hemolysis zones. Biochemical activity of P. aeruginosa cultures showed low-expressed biochemical properties, they assimilated glucose and arabinose, galactose to the formation of acid, decomposed urea, had proteolytic properties, liquefied gelatin and peptonized milk for 72 hours, showed phosphatous activity, did not form indole and H2S, cultures producing exotoxin A, with intraperitoneal infection of laboratory animals show maximum toxigenic properties. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exhibit plasma-coagulating and agesive activity. The obtained results of studying the main biological properties of P. aeruginosa isolates can be used for diagnostic studies and anti-epizootic measures in the region.

Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolates, diagnostic studies, selective media, biological, biochemical, adhesive, proteolytic, toxigenic, properties, associations, pigments, pyocyanin, pseudomonosis, laboratory animals, pigs, etiology, gastrointestinal diseases, region, pig farms, epizootic manifestation, antiepizootic measures.

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Author affiliation: Skorikov Aleksandr V., Ph.D. in Biology, Vice Director for Scientific Work of the Krasnodar Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - separate structural subdivision of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya, Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-861-2216220; e-mail: knivi@list.ru - responsible for correspondence with the editorial board.