Approaches to analgesia during cesarean section in dogs under general anesthesia

УДК 725.59.059.6
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2024-5-43-47

Atamanchuk E. B., Shebeko S. K., Ermakov A. M., Bogdanov A. A.

Summary. When compiling anesthetic protocols for cesarean section in dogs, different groups of medicines, including analgesics, are used. However, choosing the wrong drugs can worsen the condition of the fetus, which in turn can lead to the death of the offspring and the mother. The aim of the study was to compare the main indicators of vital function, depending on the selected analgesia techniques during cesarean section under general anesthesia in dogs. In an experimental model, we compared 5 anesthetic protocols in dogs during cesarean section. The data was collected from 2021 to 2024. In total, 101 anesthesiological protocols were selected for cesarean section in dogs. The first group was induced with propofol, inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane, epidural anesthesia with lidocaine. In the second group: induction with propofol, maintenance of anesthesia with isoflurane, local infiltration anesthesia and injection of lidocaine into the ovarian ligament. In the third group: induction with propofol and fentanyl, maintenance of anesthesia with isoflurane, infiltration with lidocaine at the incision site and infusion of lidocaine in combination with fentanyl. In the fourth group: induction with propofol, maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane, local infiltration anesthesia into the ovarian ligament and at the incision site with lidocaine. In the fifth group, induction with propofol, epidural anesthesia with lidocaine, infusion of propofol at a constant rate to maintain anesthesia. In the first and fourth groups, patients showed the best intraoperative and postoperative indicators, there was also the highest percentage of survivors and the lowest number of stillbirths, the second and third groups of subjects showed an intermediate result, in the fifth group the greatest hemodynamic depression was noted, as well as the lowest results for neonatal depression of newborns. The results obtained in this study showed that protocols based on epidural or local infiltration anesthesia with maintenance of inhalation anesthesia make it possible to achieve an adequate level of hemodynamics during cesarean section, thereby not causing pronounced neonatal depression. Also, when using such protocols, there is no pronounced pain reaction in the postoperative period. It is allowed to use protocols with the use of opioid analgesics

Keywords: anesthesia of dogs, cesarean section, newborns, epidural anesthesia, inhalation anesthesia, opioid analgesics, neonatal depression, dystocia, maternal body, anesthesiological protocol, principles of analgesia.

Author affiliation:

Shebeko Sergey K., D. Sc. in Pharmaceutics, Professor of the Don State Technical University; 1, Gagarina sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010; e-mail: shebeko_sk@mail.ru.

Ermakov Aleksey M., D. Sc. in Biology, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine of the Don State Technical University; 1, Gagarina sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010; e-mail: amermakov@ya.ru.

Bogdanov Artyom A., 5th year student of the Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine; 5, Chernigovskaya st., Saint-Petersburg, 196084; e-mail: artembogdanov254@gmail.com.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Atamanchuk Egor B., postgraduate student of the Don State Technical University; 1, Gagarina sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010; e-mail: snakeice89@mail.ru.