Effect of antimicrobial additives of different origin on broiler chickens’ microbiome

УДК 619:579.62:636.5/6:577.18
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2024-5-19-22

Loginov E. A., Krivonogova A. S., Isaeva A. G., Lysova Ya. Yu., Lysov A. V., Bezborodova N. A.

Summary. The abandonment of feed antibiotics for animals and poultry has led to the use of alternative means of disease prevention and productivity improvement. There are reports on the successful use of phytobiotics and probiotics in various species of animals and poultry. But the effectiveness of such preparations depends on various factors - from zootechnics to individual peculiarities of the digestive system. Changes in the microbiome of broiler chickens were studied. The diet was supplemented with virginiamycin antibiotic, B. subtilis probiotic and phytobiotic containing secondary metabolites of T. officinale, A. sativa, T. pratense, S. tuberosum. The amount of E. coli, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Proteus spp., Clostridium spp. as well as yeasts and mold fungi in chicken feces was analyzed. The ARGs were also studied. The significant decrease in the number of opportunistic microorganisms was found in the groups receiving the antibiotic and probiotic. It was also revealed that the microflora of chickens already at day-old age was contaminated with resistance genes, with bla-genes predominating, totaling 87% of all detected ARGs. On the 37th day there was a decrease in the amount of ARG-positive samples, the most - in the group treated with virginiamycin. Phytobiotic under these conditions showed low efficacy compared to antibiotic and probiotic supplement. The formulations of phytobiotic, dosages and conditions of use require further study and search for ways to improve their efficacy.

Keywords: poultry production, broilers, antibiotic, phytobiotic, probiotic, opportunistic microflora, antimicrobial resistance, microbiome, resistance genes, Escherichia coli.

Author affiliation:

Loginov Egor A., senior specialist of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: loginov.ea19@gmail.com.

Krivonogova Anna S., D. Sc. in Biology, Docent, leading scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: tel-89826512934@yandex.ru.

Isaeva Albin a G., D. Sc. in Biology, Docent, leading scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: isaeva.05@bk.ru.

Lysova Yana Yu., senior scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: mikroba.urnivi@mail.ru.

Lysov Aleksey V., Ph. D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: boris.wet@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Bezborodova Natalya A., Ph. D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: n-bezborodova@mail.ru.