On use of external fixation devices in veterinary orthopedics practice in dogs and cats

УДК 619:616.001-513-08-039.76:[636.7+636.7]
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-5-35-39

Rodin M. I., Kiselev I. G., Rodin I. A., Polegaeva K. S., Koshchaev A. G.

Summary. Traumatic dislocation of the hip joint occurs in both dogs and cats, regardless of size, body weight and age. The causes of this dislocation in animals are, as a rule, auto trauma, less often a fall from a height or an iatrogenic factor. The analysis of the causes of dislocation is based on the assessment of 37 dislocations for the period from 2017 till 2022. In total, authors encountered 16 cats and 21 dogs with hip joint dislocations. Among the cats, 9 animals suffered a car injury; a fall from a height and subsequent dislocation of one joint was noted in 5 cats; in two animals the cause of the injury is unknown. Among the dogs, 16 animals suffered a car injury, three animals fell from a height, iatrogenic dislocation was noted in two animals, in one case the cause remained unknown. We encountered bilateral dislocation of the hip joints as a result of a car injury once in a spaniel dog weighing 12 kg. Symptomatically, a dislocation of one hip joint is marked by a lack of support on the injured limb, or the animal has a pronounced lameness. Radiologically, dislocation of the hip joint is characterized by complete separation of the femoral head from the acetabulum. Both surgical and conservative treatment methods are used as therapeutic measures to restore the function of the hip joint. Closed reduction without immobilization is often used as the initial treatment option for hip joint dislocation. The average time for application of the sled-type hardware structures proposed by the authors for immobilization of the hip joint was 37 minutes in cats and 52 minutes in dogs. The animals did not experience significant discomfort associated with the hardware design in the postoperative period. All animals after surgery, according to surveys of their owners, for a period of 1.5 months. up to 7 months after dismantling the devices, they fully use the previously immobilized limb without signs of lameness.

Keywords: hip joint, dislocation, dog, cat, slide type of external fixation devices, periarticular fibrosis, transosseous elements, arthropathic apparatus, immobilization, postoperative period.

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Author affiliation:

Rodin Matvey I., postgraduate student of the department of biotechnology, biochemistry and biophysics of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-1181851; e-mail: matvei_rodin12345@mail.ru.

Kiselev Igor G., Ph. D. in Veterinary Medicine, scientific researcher of the BION scientific and practical union; 7, Nikolaya Muzyki st., Sevastopol, 299007; phone: 8-978-8548032; e-mail: vet.ortoped.system@gmail.com.

Rodin Igor A., D. Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor of the department of anatomy, veterinary obstetrics and surgery of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-4350549; e-mail: d22003807@mail.ru.

Koshchaev Andrey G., D. Sc. in Biology, professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, professor of the department of biotechnology, biochemistry and biophysics of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-861-2215637; e-mail: kagbio@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Polegaeva Kristina S., 2nd year master’s student of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-961-5912589; e-mail: krestikpol@mail.ru.