Effeciency of methods of immunodiffusion reaction and polymerase chain reaction at diagnosis of bovine leukemia virus

УДК 619.616.392:636.98
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2022-5-3-5

Mikailov M.M., Budulov N.R., Gunashev Sh.A., Yanikova E.A., Chernykh O.Yu., Lysenko A.A.

Summary. Data on the use of a comparative diagnostic assessment of the polymerase chain reaction and immune diffusion in laboratory studies in the diagnosis of bovine leukemia are collected and presented in the article. Intravital diagnostics is the basis of ongoing anti-epizootic measures in case of bovine leukemia. Specificity, sensitivity, ease of technical implementation and low cost of diagnostics determine its effectiveness. The biomaterial of the study was blood serum and whole blood of Black-and-White breed cows, aged 3-8 years, from a peasant-farmer economy that is unfavorable for leukemia. Serological and molecular genetic analyzes were carried out on certified equipment at the Kropotkin Regional Veterinary Laboratory. In a peasant farm that is unfavorable for leukemia, the polymerase chain reaction method made it possible to identify 9.2% more seropositive cows than in the immune diffusion reaction. The molecular genetic method for diagnosing leukemia is 1.5 times more sensitive than the serological one. For the maximum detection of all seropositive animals, we offer the complex use of polymerase chain reaction and immune diffusion as a promising system in anti-leukemic measures. The introduction of the molecular method of PCR diagnostics into the veterinary practice of the region will make it possible to detect infected animals among young animals at an early date, which is especially important when carrying out health work in breeding and commercial farms, researching bulls, as well as at the final stages of the rehabilitation of an agricultural enterprise.

Keywords: leukemia, infection, bovine leukemia virus, laboratory diagnostics, immune diffusion reaction (RID), enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), leukemia-affected farm, serological method, molecular biological method.

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Author affiliation:

Mikailov Mikail M., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal agricultural scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-8722-682702; e-mail: mikail.mikailov1981@mail.ru.

Bududov Nurdin R., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, chief scientific researcher of the Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal agricultural scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-963-7939455; e-mail: budulov1951@mail.ru.

Gunashev Shakhrudin A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal agricultural scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-8722-682702; e-mail: sgunashev@mail.ru.

Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor of the Department of Microbiology, Epizootology and Virology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-4956659; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.

Lysenko Aleksandr A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, professor of the Department of Therapy and Pharmacology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-961-5075415; e-mail: vet.kubgau@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Yanikova Elmira A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal agricultural scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-8722-682702; e-mail: vetmedservis@mail.ru.