Antibiotic-associated morphological plasticity of escherichia coli isolated from animals

DOI 1033861/2071-8020-2019-5-15-17

Korochkin R.B., Krasochko I.A., Gvozdev S.N., Krivonos R.A., Chernykh O.Yu., Lysenko A.A.

Summary. Morphological plasticity caused by various environmental factors is characterized by the appearance of altered morphology in bacteria and is considered as a strategy of adaptation to adverse conditions. Physical and chemical effects that cause morphological variations in bacteria are mainly associated with changes in the mechanisms of biosynthesis of cell wall components. These are mainly factors such as starvation, oxidative shock, protest predation, antimicrobial agents, temperature stresses, osmotic shock and mechanical limitations. These factors lead to the transformation of microorganisms into various morphological variants, which then reverse to the typical cell morphology. In this study, one of the main causes of the appearance of variability and the appearance of modified forms of bacteria was studied. This is the action of antibiotics that disrupt the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer. Cephalosporins are known to have a bactericidal effect on many microorganisms and have the same mechanism of action as other в-lactam antibiotics, but are less sensitive to p-lactamases. Cephalosporins disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan forming a cell wall. Bacteriological studies were carried out with the aim of identifying pathogens, given the possible spectrum of diarrheagenic microorganisms, namely E. coli, Salmonella, enterobacteria and associative intestinal infections. The results of determining the sensitivity of the isolated strain of Escherichia coli to 62 antibiotics make it possible to attribute it to the number of multiresistant strains, since only 2 antibiotics, out of the total number used in the experiment (3.2%), showed high activity. The absolute resistance of bacteria to 46 antibiotics (74.2%) testified to the high resistance of the filament form of E. coli to antibacterial drugs. Thus, the authors of experimental studies confirmed that the uncontrolled use of cephalosporin antibiotics can lead to the appearance of morphologically altered forms of Escherichia coli in livestock enterprises.

Keywords: morphological plasticity, E. coli, filamentous forms, bacterial morphology, biosynthesis, cell wall, cephalosporins, phenotype, antimicrobial agents, temperature stresses, osmotic shock.

References:

1-6. Vide supra.

Author affiliation:

Korochkin Rudolf B., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Docent of the Department of Microbiology and Virology of the Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine; Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus; 7/11, Dovatora st., Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus, 210027; e-mail: rudolfvit@mail.ru.

Krasochko Irina A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor of the Department of Microbiology and Virology of the Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine; Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus; 7/11, Dovatora st., Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus, 210027; e-mail: rudolfvit@mail.ru.

Gvozdev Sergey N., assistant of the Department of Microbiology and Virology of the Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine; Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus; 7/11, Dovatora st., Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus, 210027; e-mail: rudolfvit@mail.ru.

Krivonos Roman A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, head of the Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region; 36, Rashpilevskaya st., Krasnodar, 350000; phone: 8-861-2621923; e-mail: uv@krasnodar.ru.

Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, director of the Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory; 303, Krasnoarmeyskaya st., Kropotkin, 352380; phone: 8-918-4956659; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Lysenko Aleksandr A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, professor of the department of therapy and pharmacology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 7, 29, Rozhdestvenskaya emb., Krasnodar, 350089; phone: 8-961-5075415; e-mail: vet.kubgau@mail.ru.