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Issues / 05/18 Print

FMD immunity problem in young cattle

UDC 619:616.988.-036.2

 Mischenko A.V., Mischenko V.A., Fomina S.N., Chernykh O.Yu.

Summary. Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the economically significant transboundary animal infections. Analysis of OIE materials and media reports indicate that the epizootic situation of foot and mouth disease in Asian countries adjacent to the Russian Federation over the past ten years has remained tense, which poses a constant threat of virus drift into Russia. To identify the causes of the disease of young FMD, the authors analyzed the data from studies of blood sera of young cattle (aged 5-18 months) from the buffer zone for the presence of vaccine-resistant FMD antibodies. The results of epizootological surveys conducted in 2004-2018 in the foci of foot-and-mouth disease that occurred in vaccinated large horned cattle indicate that most often the first foci of disease were recorded in young animals up to 17 months of age. FMD vaccination in the Russian Federation is carried out in a protective zone (zone of prophylactic vaccination). The level of population immunity (proportion of animals with a specific level of antibodies) is assessed during monitoring of the vaccine efficiency and the vaccination program in the population of immunized animals is determined. The definition of population immunity, aimed at providing protection through vaccination, is the basis of post-vaccination monitoring, since it is a key indicator of how well vaccination has been done and whether it is possible to protect animals from infection. Analysis was conducted on data from studies of blood sera collected in 2004-2018 from vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease in young cattle to find out the causes of the disease. FMD antibodies were detected in 54-64% of the sera samples taken 25-89 days after vaccination. The findings suggest that it is necessary to revise the vaccination scheme for foot-and-mouth disease of young large horned cattle and to take this group of animals into account when conducting serum monitoring studies for the presence of vaccine-free antibodies.

Keywords: foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), large horned cattle, young animals, FMD vaccination, blood serum, FMD buffer zone, colostral antibodies, placenta, prevalence of FMD antibodies, population immunity.

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А. В. Мищенко, к.в.н., заместитель директора, Департамент ветеринарии МСХ РФ,

Author affiliation:

Mishchenko Aleksey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Deputy Director for Research and Monitoring of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, Russia, 600901; phone: 8-4922-261765; e-mail: a.mischenko@mcx.ru.

Mishchenko Vladimir A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, chief expert for bovine diseases of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, Russia, 600901; phone: 8-4922-260614; e-mail: mishenko@arriah.ru.

Fomina Svetlana N., Ph. D. in Veterinary Medicine, FMD diagnostics referential laboratory manager of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, Russia, 600901; phone: 8-4922-260614; e-mail: fomina@arriah.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, director of the Kropotkin territorial veterinary laboratory; 303, Krasnoarmeyskaya st., Kropotkin, 352380; phone: 8-86138-62314; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.

 
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