Features of cobuvirus infection of farm animals

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-5-3-6

Mishchenko V.A., Mishchenko A.V., Yashin R.V., Chernykh O.Yu., Lysenko A.A., Krivonos R.A.

Summary. Data on the cobuvirus causing outbreaks of diseases in humans and animals, on the clinical signs of the disease and the distribution area are presented in the article. Literature data indicate that since the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, cases of cobuvirus infection have been registered, manifested by massive gastrointestinal diseases in humans, as well as young animals: large horned cattle, sheep, goats, roe deer, pigs (domestic and wild), rabbits, dogs, foxes, bats, ferrets and birds (European roller (Coracias garrulus)). Cobuvirus was found in feces and blood serum samples taken from diseased animals. Cobuvirus infection causes the greatest damage to pig and cattle breeding worldwide. The results of phylogenetic analysis of the genome of kobuvirus strains indicate the genetic diversity of the virus strains. The data of phylogenetic analysis of the genome of cobuviruses (Aichivirus) served as the basis for the classification of strains of cobuvirus into six species. Interspecies transmission of cobuviruses poses a threat of widespread spread of the pathogen. The main route of transmission of cobuvirus is the fecal-oral route, through infected feed and water. Zoonotic infection is evidenced by interspecific transmission of bovine cobuvirus to pigs and vice versa. It is believed that mutations and recombinations have contributed to the high level of genetic diversity of the cobuvirus and serve as a driving force in its evolution. Presented data indicate the need for comprehensive studies of cobuvirus infection, which will be useful for further understanding the pathogenicity, genetic heterogeneity, interspecies transmission and global spread of cobuviruses.

Keywords: cobuvirus, picornaviruses, cell culture, cell culture contaminant, human, large horned cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs, cats, viremia.

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Author affiliation:

Mishchenko Vladimir A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, chief scientific researcher of the Laboratory of the prevention of diseases of pigs and horned cattle of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, 600901; phone: 8-4922-261551; e-mail: mishenko@arriah.ru.

Mishchenko Aleksey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the information analysis center of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, 600901; phone: 8-4922-261551; e-mail: a.mischenko@mcx.ru.

Yashin Roman V., Ph.D. in Biology, head of the Laboratory of the prevention of diseases of pigs and horned cattle of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, 600901; phone: 8-4922-261551; e-mail: yashin@arriah.ru.

Lysenko Aleksandr A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Professor, professor of the department of therapy and pharmacology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 7, 29, Rozhdestvenskaya emb., Krasnodar, 350089; phone: 8-961-5075415; e-mail: vet.kubgau@mail.ru.

Krivonos Roman A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of parasitology, veterinary-sanitary expertise and zoohygiene of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; e-mail: uv@krasnodar.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, docent, professor of the Department of microbiology, epizootology and virology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-4956659; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.