On peculiarities of influence of quaternary ammonium compounds on intestinal microbiota of chickens and laboratory animals

УДК 576.89
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2025-4-30-34

Original Empirical Research

Fetisov L. N., Zubenko A. A., Svyatogorova A. E., Yarovaya N. A.

Abstract. The objective of this study is to compare the effects of surfactant 726 (quaternary ammonium compound - 3-dimethylaminopropylamide myristic acid) with prolonged oral administration on the body of mammals (young laboratory rats) and birds (young chickens). After analyzing the intestinal microbiota of rats after oral administration of 0.01% aqueous solution of surfactant hydrochloride 726, an ambiguous change in the quantitative composition of the microbiota was established: a decrease in the number of Escherichia, salmonella and lactobacilli while maintaining the number of coccoid forms of bacteria. After studying the data on the determination of the microbial number in the intestinal contents of chickens after prolonged drinking of 0.01% aqueous solution of surfactant 726, a modulating effect on the intestinal microbiota was revealed. As a result, the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella has significantly decreased. In contrast to the composition of the intestinal microbiota of young rats, the microbiome of the intestinal contents of chickens has shown an increase in the number of beneficial species of the genus Lactobacillus Lactobacillus sp. while reducing the number of intestinal microflora. Lactobacilli are known to be antagonists of pathogenic and opportunistic intestinal bacteria that destroy or suppress bacteria that cause inflammation and have an antioxidant effect. Analysis of intestinal microbial communities has shown that surfactant 726 alters microbial communities, including shifts towards anti-inflammatory and anti-pathogenic properties. These results indicate that surfactant 726 has a specific antibacterial effect due to the modulation of the intestinal microbiota. Thus, significant differences in the effects of 0.01% aqueous solution of surfactant 726 on the body of mammals and birds have been established. A decrease in the number of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora, as well as a useful species of the genus Lactobacillus Lactobacillus sp, was detected in rats. At the same time, an increase in the number of beneficial species of the genus Lactobacillus Lactobacillus sp was found in chickens. and reducing the number of harmful intestinal microflora.

Keywords: surfactants, quaternary ammonium compounds, myristic acid amide, microbiome, rats, chickens, microbial count determination, intestinal contents.

Author affiliation:

Fetisov Leonid N., Ph. D. in Veterinary Medicine, Leading Scientific Researcher of the Creative Team for the Chemical Synthesis of New Medicinal Compounds of the North Caucasus Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 0, Rostov hgw., Novocherkassk, Rostov region, 346421; phone: 8-9081978224; e-mail: fetisoff.leonid2018@yandex.ru.

Zubenko Aleksandr A., D. Sc. in Biology, Chief Scientific Researcher of the Creative Team for the Chemical Synthesis of New Medicinal Compounds of the North Caucasus Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute -branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 0, Rostov hgw., Novocherkassk, Rostov region, 346421; phone: 8-928-6049743; e-mail: alexsandrzubenko@yandex.ru.

Yarovaya Natalia Alexandrovna, Laboratory Researcher of the Creative Team for the Study of Infectious Pathology of Animals of the North Caucasus Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 0, Rostov hgw., Novocherkassk, Rostov region, 346421; phone: 8-999-2340481; e-mail: tkhim.sintez@yandex.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Svyatogorova Aleksandra E., Ph. D. in Agriculture, Scientific Researcher of the Creative Team for the Chemical Synthesis of New Medicinal Compounds, Academic Secretary of the North Caucasus Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 0, Rostov hgw., Novocherkassk, Rostov region, 346421; phone: 8-988-9525755; e-mail: sviatogorova.a@yandex.ru.

Authors’ Contribution: the manuscript was written with the input of all authors. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflict of Interest Statement: the authors declare no conflict of interest.