Estrosis of sheep and assessment of insecticide efficacy

УДК 619:616:576.89:636.1
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2024-4-26-28

Domatskiy V.N.

Summary. The article presents the results of an analysis of the spread of oestrosis in sheep in the Russian Federation and the effectiveness of antiparasitic drugs. The modern coordinates of the border of the sheep gadfly’s range, as it moves from west to east, slowly drop from 57° in the Tyumen region to 53° north latitude in Transbaikalia. Weakening of the immunity and resistance of the animal’s body, and to a lesser extent the conditions of keeping and feeding, may be the main factors in increasing the degree of infestation by Oestrus ovis larvae at an earlier date. The breed factor plays a significant role in shaping the population level. Native and coarse-haired breeds maintain gadfly numbers at a lower level. It has been established that as the age of the larvae increases, their natural resistance to unfavorable environmental factors increases. The estimated optimum number, which is characterized by maximum values of survival and parasite abundance, is within 40 individuals. Changes in weather conditions, manifested by an earlier stable warming of the soil (above 14-15°C) in the spring and a later onset of cool weather, affect the timing of the flight of the imaginal stage of the botfly. When comparing the data obtained with the results of studies conducted in 1971, it was found that in 2022, the flight of the adult botfly began much earlier (by one month) and lasted, accordingly, one month longer. To treat sheep with oestrosis, systemic insecticides based on macrocyclic lactones are used - ivermectin, novomek, ivermek, eprimek, iversect, ivermag, iverasan, aversect-2, abivertin, ivevertin, cydectin, ganamectin, noromectin, dectomax, pandex, meradok, ivomec and etc. The use of drugs faskoverm, clozantin, clozantex, cyfluthrin, cyflunit flock, cyperil and monizen forte is also effective. Among the group methods for treating sheep with oestrosis, thermal or mechanical aerosols of insecticides should be used.

Keywords: estrosis, distribution, extensiveness and intensity of invasion, seasonal dynamics, timing of adult flight, effectiveness of insecticides

References:

1. Syukieva N. G. et al. Diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures for estrosis of sheep in the conditions of different forms of ownership of the Astrakhan region. - 2022: 122-124.

2. Domatsky V. N. Means of therapy and prevention of entomosis in sheep. -Scientific almanac. - 2018 (10-2 (48). - pp. 177-179.

3. Domatsky V. N. Efficiency of parasitocides for helminthiasis and entomosis of the large horned cattle and ruminants. - 2021: 36-42.

4. Engasheva E. S. et al. Monizen® forte for parasitic diseases in sheep. -International Bulletin of Veterinary Medicine. - 2020 (2). - P. 84-87.

5. Marchenko V. A. Distribution of the sheep gadfly Oestrus ovis L. in Siberia. -1998: 12-21.

6. Marchenko V. A. Distribution of the sheep gadfly (Oestrus ovis L.) and infestation of sheep with its larvae in the Altai Republic. - Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2019 (20). - pp. 335-340.

7. Marchenko V. A. Patterns of survival of Oestrus ovis L. larvae in the host organism. - Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2020 (21). -pp. 217-222.

8. Makhauri A. A. Some features of infestation of lambs with Oestrus ovis (Linne, 1761) larvae in the Chechen Republic. - Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2014 (15). - pp. 150-152.

9. Engasheva E. S. et al. Monizen Forte for estrosis of sheep. - Issues of legal regulation in veterinary medicine. - 2018 (4). - pp. 102-104.

10. Nikiforov R. A. Efficiency of using new drugs to combat estrosis. - Current issues in improving the technology of production and processing of agricultural products. - 2021 (23). - pp. 555-557.

11. Nogin, S. R. Features of the clinical manifestation of estrosis in sheep. -ALEF. - 2023: 248-252.

12. Nogin S. R. et al. On the issue of estrosis in sheep. - Caspian Veterinary Bulletin. - 2023 (4 (5). - pp. 50-53.

13. Nogin S. R. et al. Seasonality of estrous infestation of sheep in the steppe zone of Stavropol region. - Russian Journal of Parasitology. - 2024 (18 (1). - pp. 52-57.

14. Ostrovsky A. N. Experience in combating estrosis of goats in Rostov region. - 2018: 138-142.

15. Poselova E. V. et al. Efficiency of cyfluthrin in the fight against estrosis of sheep. - Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2017 (18). -pp. 358-360.

16. Sivkov G. S. Phenology and ecology of adults of the sheep gadfly Oestrus ovis l. (Diptera, Oestridae) in the Trans-Urals. - Questions of veterinary arachno-entomology: Scientific and technical bulletin. 1980. Vol. 19. - pp. 36-45.

17. Sivkov G. S. Ecological and economic bases for the prevention of oestrosis in sheep and goats in the Orenburg region. - 1992: 10-17.

18. Glukhareva E. V. et al. Therapeutic effectiveness of Cyflunit Flock for estrosis in sheep. - 2015: 56-57.

19. Chernykh V. G. Veterinary welfare of livestock industries in Transbaikalia. -2007: 21-23.

20. Chetvertnov V. I. Therapy of strongylatosis of the gastrointestinal tract and estrosis of sheep. - Agricultural Journal. - 2019 (4 (12). - pp. 65-69.

21. Engashev S. V. et al. An effective drug for estrosis in sheep. - Issues of legal regulation in veterinary medicine. - 2019 (2). - pp. 58-60.

Author affiliation: Domatskiy Vladimir N., D. Sc. in Biology, Chief Scientific Researcher of the Laboratory of Entomoses and Helminth Infections of the All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology -branch of the Federal Research Center of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2, Institutskaya st., Tyumen, Tyumen region, 625041; e-mail: vndom72@mail.ru - responsible for correspondence with the editorial board.