Non-tuberculous mycobacteria: sensitizing role and pathomorphological changes in the organism of infected animals

УДК.619.616.98:579.636.611.21
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2024-4-13-16

Baratov M.O., Semenenko M.P.

Summary. Determining the capabilities of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in sensitizing the macroorganism to PPD-tuberculin for mammals and studying pathomorphological changes in order to improve the differential diagnosis of tuberculosis were the goals of the study. The distribution of non-tuberculous mycobacteria was studied in 53 farms. Of the 275 cultures isolated, 98 (35.6 %) were classified as M. bovis. In 29 (54.7 %) farms where tuberculosis was established, along with M. bovis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria were also isolated. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria were also isolated in 24 (45.2 %) farms free from tuberculosis. In accordance with the group classification, out of 97 crops, 51 were assigned to the 2nd group (catochromogenic), 3 to the 3rd group (non-photochromogenic), and 43 to the 4th group (fast-growing). The species identity was studied on 57 strains. Of the 22 cultures of the second group, 20 are classified as M. qordonae-flavescens. For 2, the type is not installed. Three strains are assigned to the species M. avium-intracellulare (group 3 according to Runyon). Of group 4, 2 are classified as M. smegmatis, M. fortuitum -7, M. phlei -1. The species has not been established in 22. To study the allergic state of rabbits and calves, strains of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (M. gordonae-flavescens, M. phlei, M. avium-intracellulare) were used. Positive results of allergic tests were obtained 35 days after infection in rabbits and 40 days after infection in calves. Pathomorphological changes were studied in rabbits (8 heads) 90 days after infection, calves (4 heads) after 3.5 months. During postmortem examination and histological examination, clearly pronounced pathomorphological and histological changes were revealed in the parenchymal organs of experimental animals. In the conditions of the Republic of Dagestan, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, in particular, representatives of group 2 according to Runyon’s classification, are widespread and are often the cause of nonspecific sensitization to tuberculin.

Keywords: non-tubeculous mycobacteria, sensitization, tuberculosis, PPD-tuberculin, allergy test, rabbits, calves, pathomorphological changes, Runyon classification.

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Author affiliation:

Baratov Magomed O., D. Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Chief Scientific Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of the Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, 367000; phone: 8-928-5010948; e-mail: alama500@rambler.ru

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Semenenko Marina P., D. Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Docent, Head of the Pharmacology Department of the Krasnodar Research Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-4612663; е-mail: sever291@mail.ru.