Features of the biochemical profile of highly productive holstein cows at primary ketosis

УДК 619:577.1:636.2.034
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2022-4-7-9

Shkuratova I.A., Belousov A.I., Krasnoperov A.S., Malkov S.V.

Summary. Ketosis is a widespread, polyetiological disease, the main factor in the development of which is the lack of energy substrates. Physiological reasons that predetermine the development of primary ketosis in cows include the processes preceding calving, the new calving period, as well as the ‘transitional’ or ‘transit’ period, characterized by a sharp increase in nutritional requirements necessary for fetal growth and milk synthesis. Experimental studies were carried out on the basis of a breeding enterprise in the Sverdlovsk region. The assessment of the extent of ketosis distribution was carried out on the basis of data from a clinical examination of 1246 cows of the new calving period. It has been established that 10.9% of cows show clinical signs of ketosis. Additionally, an extended biochemical blood test was performed in 114 cows with ketosis. The group of examined animals included cows of the new calving period of the Holstein breed of 1-3 lactations, with a milk production of more than 7000 kg per lactation. The diagnosis was established by testing with glucometer (WellionVet Belua). In cows with ketosis, metabolic signs of impaired protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, stressed functioning of buffer systems were established. A decrease in the content of total protein and the amount of albumin by 4.5-27.0%, and cholesterol by 12.3-57.3% relative to the normative physiological values was determined. Signs of hypoglycemia are recorded in 50.0% of cows with clinical signs of ketosis. A decrease in the level of bicarbonates was found to be less than 15.9 mmol/l in 25.0% of cows. In most cows, a tendency to increase the activity of enzymes was recorded. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase in the group was 103.05 ± 13.40 U/l, creatine phosphate kinase - 440.05 ± 418.50 U/l and lactate dehydrogenase -989.07 ± 196.48 U/l.

Keywords: large horned cattle, highly productive cows, Holstein breed, metabolism, hepatology, clinical biochemistry, ketosis, metabolic disorders, negative energy balance, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis.

References:

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Author affiliation:

Shkuratova Irina A., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, Head of the Ural Scientific-Research Veterinary Institute - structural unit of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre (Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences); 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: shkuratova@bk.ru.

Belousov Aleksandr I., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre (Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences); 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-908-6390771; e-mail: white-knight@mail.ru.

Malkov Sergey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre (Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences); 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-912-2485082; e-mail: aibolit_2001@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Krasnoperov Aleksandr S., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre (Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences); 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-903-0833132; e-mail: marafon.86@list.ru.