Immunobiological indices of healthy and reproduction-problem cows

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-4-19-21

Basova N.Yu., Staroselov M.A., Skhatum A.K., Novikov V.V., Deryabin D.S., Kravchenko V.I.

Summary. In the structure of losses in the agricultural sector of animal husbandry, pathologies of the reproductive organs of large horned cattle occupies the leading place, creating serious problems for motivating business owners to develop animal husbandry. A decrease in the rate of reproduction in animal husbandry is facilitated by the widespread symptomatic infertility of cows, one of the main reasons for which is gynecological diseases: metritis, mastitis and ovarian pathology. As a result of research, the authors obtained data on the influence of pathologies of the reproductive organs on clinical manifestations and indicators of natural resistance. In the course of the work obstetric and gynecological examination was carried out on a reproductively problematic farm - Agrofirma «Khutorok» LLC (Timashevsky district, Krasnodar region). The authors have established immunobiological indicators affecting the reproduction of dairy cattle. Such indicators of the hemostasis system in cows differed, such as: the number of platelets, hematocrit, neutrophilic granulocytes, completeness of phagocytosis, T- and B-lymphocytes, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum. A sharp decrease in the platelet count in the blood of animals with reproductive problems may indicate a decrease in the immune response. The activity of the microbicidal system of neutrophilic granulocytes indicates a lower degree of lysis of microbial cells and can lead to the persistence of the pathogen in the body of animals with reproductive problems. There were no pathological changes in fat, carbohydrate, mineral and vitamin metabolism. A number of indices in cows with reproductive problems are higher (better) than in control animals: the amount of zinc, copper, carotene, aminotransferase activity. Indices of protein metabolism indicate the presence of inflammatory processes in cows with reproduction problems.

Keywords: large horned cattle, dairy industry, reproduction, immunity, immune response, prevention, blood serum, hematology, immunology, epizootology, clinical signs.

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Author affiliation:

Basova Natalya Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Head of the department of therapy and obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - separate structural subdivision of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1 Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-3472042.

Skhatum Aminet K., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the department of therapy and obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - separate structural subdivision of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1 Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-4725784.

Novikov Vitaliy V., postgraduate student of the department of therapy and obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - separate structural subdivision of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1 Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-952-8126732.

Deryabin Dmitriy S., postgraduate student of the department of anatomy, veterinary obstetrics and surgery of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-3134446; e-mail: deryabin555@mail.ru.

Kravchenko Vladimir I., chief veterinarian of the department of treatment-and-prophylactic work and drug supply of the Krasnodar regional station of fighting against animal diseases; 15/1, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-2964672; e-mail: krav.vladim@yandex.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Staroselov Mikhail A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the department of therapy and obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - separate structural subdivision of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1 Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-953-1122803; e-mail: knivitherapy@gmail.com.