Associative swine diseases and etiologic structure in pig farms

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-201948-10

Skorikov A.V., Chernykh O.Yu., Novikova E.N., Boev V.I.

Summary. Dynamic and economically sound development of pig production is possible with epizootic well-being for infectious, including associative, gastrointestinal diseases of pigs of various sex and age groups. Viruses, causative agents of parvo- and circovirus infections, and respiratory-reproductive syndrome along with bacteria (Escherichia coli, pseudomonads, enterococci, Klebsiella, cytrobacters, yersinia, proteome) take part in the infectious process in the etiology of diseases of piglets during suckling and weaning periods, as well as in repair young animals with gastrointestinal diseases' clinic. Feature of the epizootic manifestation of these diseases in the form of enzootic outbreaks in industrial pig breeding is an increased susceptibility to the effects of pathogens of bacterial and viral infections, against the background of the decrease in the immunobiological status of piglets and young pigs. These infections occur against the background of a violation of the normal biocenosis of the intestines of piglets, dysbiosis, and an increased content of E. coli microbial bodies to 108 per 1 g of content and the formation of secondary immunodeficiency states. Studies in several constituent entities of the Russian Federation showed that gastrointestinal diseases among piglets and young pigs account for up to 60% of viral and bacterial infections, occur in acute form with a morbidity and mortality rate of 80-90%. The leading role in the etiological relation in the associative manifestation of these infectious diseases of piglets and young pigs in pig farms in Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk and Omsk regions belongs to E. coli, and in more than 50% of cases to associations of this pathogen with other microorganisms: E. coli + Proteus vulgaris; E. coli + Citrobacter freundii; E. coli + Enterobacter agglomerans; E. coli + Proteus vulgaris + Yersinia enterocolitica + Klebsiella pneumonia; E. coli + Enterococcus faecalis; E. coli + Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Isolates of opportunistic microorganisms were characterized by significant serological variability, virulent and toxigenic properties from 39 to 58%, as well as increased resistance to most antibacterial preparations and antibiotics.

Keywords: pigs, associative diseases, etiology, gastrointestinal diseases, pig breeding farms, bacteria, viruses, laboratory tests, immune status, infections, 10 incidence, virulence, antibacterial preparations, antibiotics, prevention.

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Author affiliation:

Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, director of the Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory; 303, Krasnoarmeyskaya st., Kropotkin, 352380; phone: 8-9184956659; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.

Novikova Elena N., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of therapy and pharmacology of the Kuban State agrarian university named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-928-4390952; е-mail: elena_150185@mail.ru.

Boev Vyacheslav I., Ph.D. in Biology, docent of the department of veterinary medicine of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Sanitary Expertise and Agro-Security of the Moscow State University of Food Production; 11, Volokolamskoe hgw., Moscow, 125080; e-mail: boev.mgupp@yandex.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Skorikov Aleksandr V., Ph.D. in Biology, vice-director for science of the Krasnodar Veterinary Scientific Research Institute - separate structural unit of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Zootechnology and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-861-2216220; e-mail: knivi@list.ru.