Experimental verification of the method of extraarticular subchondral tunnelization in canine knee joint

UDC [636.7:616.72-018.3-007.245:616.728.3-089.8:611]-092.9

Stepanov M.A., Stupina T.A.

Summary. Experimental modeling remains one of the main instruments in studying the pathogenesis of many diseases and development of treatment techniques. Osteoarthrosis (OA) was induced in 22 mongrel dogs and the method of subchondral tunnelization was tested. OA was modeled by immobilization of both knee joints with resection of the femoral arteries. Five dogs were euthanized after 28 days (series 1). In series 2 (n=9), subchondral zones were perforated for tunneling after completion of immobilization. The animals of series 2 were euthanized after 1, 3, 6, 12 months after tunneling perforation. Tunnelization was not performed in series 3 animals (n=8) but these dogs were euthanized at the similar time points as in series 2. Radiographic and histomorphometric studies were performed. Evident signs of delay in destruction of the articular cartilage were revealed in series 2 compared with series 1. Increase in the volumetric density of chondrocytes was revealed. Values of empty cellular lacunas share were reduced. The share of cellular isogenic groups was increased. Cartilage thickness increased and exceeded the values of series 1. Destructive changes in the articular cartilage were detected in series 3 at all stages of the experiment. The thickness of cartilage and volumetric density of chondrocyes were decreased relative to series 2. Increase in shares of empty cellular lacunas along with suppressed proliferation confirmed the failure of the cartilage compensatory potential. Decrease in the cartilage thickness was significant. Radiographic and histomorphometric assessment established that subchondral tunnelization results in a stimulating effect on the cartilage tissue reparative regeneration.

Keywords: dog, osteoarthrosis, articular cartilage, subchondral bone, tunneling, histomorphometry, chondrocyte, proliferation, reparative regeneration.

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Author affiliation:

Stepanov Mikhail A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the Laboratory of purulent osteology and defect replacement of the Russian Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics named after G.A. Ilizarov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 6, M. Ulyanova st., Kurgan, 640014; phone: 8-3522-415227; е-mail: m-stepanov@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Stupina Tatyana A., D.Sc. in Biology, senior scientific researcher of the Laboratory of morphology of the Russian Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics named after G.A. Ilizarov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 6, M. Ulyanova st., Kurgan, 640014; phone: 8-3522-415227; email: stupinasta@mail.ru.