On ways of distribution and transmission mechanisms of plague of small ruminants

UDC 619:616.98:578.823.1

Chernykh O.Yu., Mishchenko A.V., Mishchenko V.A., Shevkoplyas V.N., Dzhailidi G.A., Dresvyannikova S.G.

Summary. Data on transboundary contagious viral disease of sheep and goats manifested in suppression, fever, diarrhea, ulcerative-erosive lesions on nasal and oral mucous membranes, conjunctivitis, keratitis, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, pneumonia and affection of immune system organs leading to suppression are given in the article. Sheep and goats play the main epidemic role in case of the plague of small ruminants. Goats are more susceptible as compared with sheep. Humans are not susceptible to peste des petits ruminants virus. Economic losses in goat and sheep breeding are extremely high. The mortality can reach 100% in primary outbreaks and up to 50% in stationary affected territories. Goats are the most susceptible to peste des petits ruminants animals, the morbidity of these can approach to 95%. Peste des petits ruminants agent is a virus from Morbilivirus genus Paramixoviridae family. According to results of phylogenetic analysis of virus genome nucleotide sequence all strains form four phylogenetic lineages, agents of three lineages were detected in pathological material samples from Africa. The forth genetic lineage including agents of peste des petits ruminants are circulating in Indian Subcontinent, China, Near and Middle East, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.

Key words: sheep, goats, morbilivirus, virus genotypes, peste des petits ruminants (plague of small ruminants), aerogenic, alimentary and contact routes of agent transmission, source of infection, transmission mechanisms.

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Author affiliation:

Mishchenko Alexey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, vice director for research and monitoring of the Federal Centre for Animal Health; mcrd. Yurievets, Vladimir, 600901; phone: 8 (4922) 26-17-65 (ext. 21-55); e-mail: mischenko@arriah.ru.

Mishchenko Vladimir A., D. Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, chiefscientific researcher of the laboratory of epidemiology and monitoring of the Federal Centre for Animal Health; mcrd. Yurievets, Vladimir, 600901; phone: 8 (4922)26-17-65 (ext. 21-55); e-mail: mischenko@arriah.ru.

Shevkoplyas Vladimir N., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, director of the Veterinary Departament of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation; 1/11, Orlikov per., Moscow, 107139; phone: 8 (499) 975-43-47; e-mail: shevkoplyasvn@gmail.com.

Dzhailidi George A., Ph.D. in Biology, Head of the State Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region; 36, Rashpilevskaya st., Krasnodar, 350000; phone: 8(861)2621923; e-mail: dga@krasnodar.ru.

Dresvyannikova Svetlana G., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Head of the Krasnodar regional station of fighting against animal diseases; 15/1, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8(861)2216360; e-mail: kraivet.dsg@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, director of the Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory; 303, Krasnoarmeyskaya st., Kropotkin, 352380; phone: 8 (86138)6-23-14; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.