Mineral structure of equine teeth

UDC 619:616.314.5

Pekurovskii D.A.

Summary. Properties of the mineral composition of the bone substantially define its physico-chemical and physiological properties, such as strength, permeability, demineralization and remineralization. Mineral composition of the surface layer of the teeth was determined by acid biopsy. Acid biopsy materials were taken from the vestibular surface of the incisors and premolars. Further, concentration of calcium and phosphorus photocolorimetry method was determined using reagent kits "Biola". Author presents an analysis of the mineral composition of the teeth of horses according to the research. Ratio of calcium and phosphorus in the surface layer of the teeth was calculated. It was found that premolars have a higher mineral strength than the incisors and mineralization of teeth varies with age. So, maximum concentration of elements that reflect a high degree of circulation of minerals in the surface layer of the teeth was detected in the teeth of 3-5 year old horses and was probably the result of strong growth of the teeth due to the change of milk teeth to permanent. Concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the biopsy in the age of 5-10 years decreased respectively by 11.95 and 12.99% (p≤0.05). So, solubility of the surface layer of the teeth decreased, indicating the increase of its strength. Concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the biopsy materials of 10-15 year old horses decreased, suggesting a decline in their strength. Abnormally and pathologically modified teeth, compared to intact, have lower resistance to acids, which determines its toughness and strength. Wolf teeth are characterized by a high activity of mineral metabolism of the cement and enamel compared to intact teeth that is inherent in a non-permanent teeth. Teeth with signs of caries had high concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the acid biopsy materials that was the result of a structural change of the core cement and enamel and the high mobility of the elements in the crystal lattice.

Key words: horse, surgery, dentistry, animal morphology, incisors, premolars, mineral structure of teeth, calcium, phosphorus, teeth.

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Author affiliation: Pekurovskii Dmitry A., postgraduate student of the Skryabin Moscow State Academy of veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology; 23, Akademika Skryabina st., Moscow; ph.: 8(985)2024513; e-mail: pekurovskii@mail.ru – responsible for correspondence with the editorial board.