Use of antibiotics and phytobiotics in productive poultry

УДК 619:636.5:577.18:615.281.9
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-3-39-42

Krivonogova A. S., Isaeva A. G., Loginov E. A., Milshtein I. M., Donnik I. M.

Summary. To contain the spread of resistant or low-sensitive strains and improve the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents, studies were conducted among productive poultry. Microorganisms isolated from biomaterial from laying hens were represented mainly by 10-15 species: Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus spp. Isolates of Staphylococcus spp., had high resistance to aminoglycosides and ciprofloxacin (in 20% of cases). More than 90% of E. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin. The use of phytobiotic in combination with enrofloxacin had a positive effect on the metabolic processes and immune status, as well as the productive qualities of laying hens. It was found that E. coli isolates from the experimental and control groups were contaminated with CTX-M+ genes associated with the family of cefotaximases that cause resistance of the bacteria to all penicillins and cephalosporins of I-IV generation, aztreonam. Residual enrofloxacin content was detected in eggs from laying hens treated with the antibiotic after 14 days. While in the group with antibiotic and phytobiotic no enrofloxacin was detected. After using bacteriophages, the frequency of Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia fergusonii, Klebsiella spp. isolates in chicken biomaterial decreased. In the control group (II) of broiler chickens, the incidence of MDR isolates in the biomaterial taken after the experiment increased: Staphylococcus spp. - 2.5-fold, and E. coli - 1.4-fold. The results of the data obtained may indirectly indicate a rapid increase in the number of bacteria with phenotypic resistance to antibiotics in the intestinal microbiome. The use of phytobiotics and bacteriophages in productive poultry of meat and egg crosses is promising for the correction of microbiocenosis and reducing their insemination with antibiotic-resistant isolates, as well as to improve the productive qualities.

Keywords: enrofloxacin, phytobiotic, bacteriophage, opportunistic pathogenic microflora, productive poultry, broilers, layers, antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic sensitivity, microbiome

References:

1. Perepanova T. S., Kazachenko A. V., Khazan P. L. et al. Terapevticheskoe primenenie bakteriofagov: nazad v budushchee [Bacteriophage therapy: back to the future]. - Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2021. 23 (1). pp. 55-64.

2. Vide supra.

Author affiliation:

Krivonogova Anna S., D. Sc. in Biology, docent of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, K. Liebknekhta st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; phone: 8-343-3713363; e-mail: tel-89826512934@yandex.ru.

Loginov Egor A., postgraduate student in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, K. Liebknekhta st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; e-mail: loginov.ea19@gmail.com.

Milshtein Igor M., Ph. D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of surgery, obstetrics and microbiology of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, K. Liebknekhta st., Yekaterinburg, 620075, phone: 8-343-37-3363.

Donnik Irina M., D. Sc. in Biology, professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the department of infectious and non-infectious pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, K. Liebknekhta st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; phone: 8-343-3713363; e-mail: ktqrjp7@yandex.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Isaeva Albina G., D. Sc. in Biology, docent, professor of the department of infectious and non-infectious pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, K. Liebknekhta st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; phone: 8-343-3713363; e-mail: isaeva.05@bk.ru.