Influence of neutralized E. coli exotoxins' forms on humoral factors of protection in animals

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-3-15-16

Tishchenko A.S., Koshchaev A.G., Terekhov V.I.

Summary. Enterotoxigenic escherichiosis occupies an important position among the acute intestinal pathologies of calves and pigs. The main factors of pathogenicity in this form of the disease are exotoxins of Escherichia coli of three types - thermostable, thermolabile and shiga-like toxins. It follows from this that the development of biological products based on inactivated forms of these toxins and the study of their effect on the organism of susceptible animals is relevant. In this regard, the aim of the study was to study the degree of accumulation of antibodies against E. coli toxins in newborn animals. The objects of research were pregnant sows and pregnant cows immunized with inactivated E. coli toxins, as well as their offspring, in which the content of antitoxic antibodies in the blood serum was determined using an indirect hemagglutination reaction. The results of the research have established that the use of toxoid based on neutralized E. coli toxins on pregnant animals ensures the accumulation of antibodies in calves and piglets born from them. The use of a complex toxoid preparation for vaccination of pregnant cows and pregnant sows was more effective, which is reflected in an increase in the quantitative composition of antibodies and the accumulation of immunoglobulins in higher titers. The amount of immunoglobulins reached a maximum in the first days of the animals' life, then their decrease occurred - in piglets by 5-7 days, in calves - by 14 days of research. To ensure a more intense and prolonged immune response, as well as to increase the immunogenic properties of inactivated E. coli toxins, it is advisable to use them in conjunction with adjuvant substances.

Keywords: exotoxins, Escherichia coli, antibodies, humoral immunity, toxoid, escherichiosis, pregnant sows, pregnant cows, piglets, calves.

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Author affiliation:

Koshchaev Andrey G., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D.Sc. in Biology, Professor, Vice-Rector for Scientific Work of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-8612215637; e-mail: koshhaev.a@kubsau.ru.

Terekhov Vladimir I., D.Sc. in Biology, professor, lecturer of special disciplines of the Pashkovskiy Agricultural College; 220, Bershanskoy st., Krasnodar, 350910; phone: 8-988-4742115; e-mail: vterekhov@list.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Tishchenko Aleksandr S., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of Microbiology, Virology and Epizootology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-928-4692399; e-mail: mephisto83@inbox.ru.