Correlation of essential microelements in large horned cattle in mother-offspring system as factor in development of immunosuppressive state

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2020-3-6-9

Ushakova T.M., Derezina T.N., Kapelist I.V., Zelenkova G.A.

Summary. The nature of the mineral supply of certain biogeochemical provinces and their correlative interactions within biological organisms determine the degree of development of immunosuppressive states in animals. So we studied the level of minerals in the samples of hair and blood in cattle in the «mother-offspring» system and established the nature of the correlation of cobalt, zinc, iron and copper. It has been proven that low levels of cobalt (cows - 429.30 ± 4.05 nmol/l and calves - 430.80 ± 5.60 nmol / L) and zinc (cows - 7.21 ± 0.20 pmol/l and calves - 7.60 ± 0.15 pmol/l) against the threshold values of iron (cows - 17.90 ± 1.30 pmol/l and calves - 18.40 ± 1.80 pmol/l) and copper (cows - 13.90 ± 1.80 pmol/l and calves - 14.08 ± 1.05 pmol/l) in the blood caused hematopoietic function impairment and led to the development of mild hypochromic anemia (erythrocytes: cows - 6.01 ± 0.40x1012/l and calves - 6.36±0.50x1012/l) in animals in the «mother-offspring» system. In addition, metabolic disorders caused by nutritional deficiency of zinc contributed to a decrease in the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase (cows - 87.90 ± 5.10 U/l and calves - 126.80±4.02 U/l), exacerbating the disorder of erythropoietic function of red bone animal brain. A long-term imbalance of copper and zinc in the nutrient substrates of the studied animals was revealed, as evidenced by the results of a mineralogram of hairline samples (copper: cows - 13.910 ± 0.67 mg/kg and calves - 12.609 ± 0.70 mg/kg; zinc: cows - 57.960 ± 0.90 mg/kg and calves 60.315 ± 0.99 mg/kg), which ultimately led to a deficiency of zinc in the body, leading to the development of an immunosuppressive state (Ig M: cows - 0.99 ± 0.15 mg/ml and calves - 1.64 ± 0.05 mg/ml; Ig A: cows - 0.30 ± 0.05 mg/ml and calves - 2.05 ± 0.10 mg/ml).

Keywords: large horned cattle, mother-offspring system, copper, iron, zinc, cobalt, blood, hairline, immunological status, mineralogram.

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Author affiliation:

Ushakova Tatyana M., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the Department of Therapy and Propaedeutics of the Don State Agrarian University; 24, Krivoshlykova st., Persianovsky sttl., Oktyabrsky district, Rostov region, 346493; phone: 8-928-6055873; e-mail: tanja_0802@mail.ru.

Kapelist Ivan V., D.Sc. in Agriculture, professor, chief scientific researcher of the Center for Competence Development of the Don State Technical University; 1, Gagarina sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000; phone: 8-989-7248238.

Zelenkova Galina A., D.Sc. in Agriculture, professor of the Department of Biology and General Pathology of the Don State Technical University; 1, Gagarina sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000; phone: 8-961-3096244; e-mail: zelenkovalex@rambler.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Derezina Tatyana N., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor of the Department of Biology and General Pathology of the Don State Technical University; 1, Gagarina sq., Rostov-on-Don, Rostov region, 344000; phone: 8-903-4351237; e-mail: derezinasovet@mail.ru.