Antibiotic resistance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in livestock enterprises in areas with different levels of anthropogenic pollution

УДК 619:636.5.033:578.347
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2024-2-13-17

Krivonogova A. S., Loginov E. A., Isaeva A. G., Bespamyatnukh E. N., Lysova Ya. Yu., Moiseeva K. V.

Summary. Phenotypic antibiotic sensitivity of opportunistic bacteria in microbiocenoses of dairy farms in areas with different levels of anthropogenic pollution of agricultural lands was investigated. Zones with long-term industrial pollution of environmental objects and environmentally uncontaminated clean zones were identified. There we analyzed seasonal background contamination of 90Sr and 137Cs of atmospheric precipitation in the fields of livestock farms. It was found that the minimum and maximum values of 90Sr content in samples differed 206.5 times, 137Cs - 45.9 times, total (gross) content of both radionuclides - 46.3 times. The microflora associated with cattle was studied on farms. Resistance profiles of S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and characteristics of multidrug resistance to 11 classes of antibiotics were studied. It was found that in biomaterial from farms from areas with long-term industrial pollution, the proportion of antibiotic-sensitive bacteria (S) was - 16.8%, resistant (R) - 30%, and isolates with intermediate sensitivity (I) predominated - 53.9%. On farms with low farmland contamination, these rates were 40.0%, 19, 2% and 40.8%. The most unfavorable pattern of AMR was found on farms located in areas of combined anthropogenic pollution. The share of multidrug-resistant S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa isolates resistant to 2 or more classes of antibiotics (MDR) averaged 9-20%, and the share of extreme resistance isolates sensitive to only 1-2 classes of antibiotics (XDR) averaged 1.1-15.6%. On farms from areas with a low level of technogenic pollution, the share of MDR-isolates was at the level of 7%, and XDR-isolates were not detected in the biomaterial. We assume that long-term technogenic contamination of agrobiocenoses may be a factor contributing to the spread of AMR on dairy farms and other livestock enterprises.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, multidrug resistance, opportunistic microflora, industrial pollution, 90Sr, 137Cs, dairy farms.

References:

1. Gosudarstvennyy doklad ‘O sostoyanii okruzhayushchey sredy na territorii Sverdlovskoy oblasti v 2021 godu’ [State report on the state of the environment in the Sverdlovsk region in 2021].

2. Gosudarstvennyy doklad ‘O sostoyanii okruzhayushchey sredy na territorii Sverdlovskoy oblasti v 2021 godu’ [State report on the state of the environment in the Sverdlovsk region in 2021]

3. Karta ekologicheskoy situatsii promyshlennykh rayonov Sverdlovskoy oblasti [Map of the ecological situation of industrial areas of the Sverdlovsk region]. - 1993.

4. Klinicheskoe obsledovanie zhivotnykh iz zagryaznennykh 90Sr territoriy [Clinical examination of animals from territories contaminated with 90Sr]. - Scientific principles of prevention and treatment of animal diseases. - 2005. - pp. 443-450.

5. Krivonogova A. S., Isaeva A. G., Baranova A. A. Fiziologicheskie i immunologicheskie pokazateli zhivotnykh pri nakoplenii povyshennykh kontsentratsiy tyazhelykh metallov v ikh organakh i tkanyakh [Physiological and immunological parameters of animals with the accumulation of increased concentrations of heavy metals in their organs and tissues]. -Agrarnyy vestnik Urala. - 2013 (6 (112). - pp. 15-20.

6. Shkuratova I. A., Donnik I. M., Trapeznikov A. V. et al. Metodologiya ekologicheskogo monitoringa agrarnykh predpriyatiy v zone Urala [Methodology for environmental monitoring of agricultural enterprises in the Urals zone]. - Agrarnyy vestnik Urala. - 2012 (2 (94). - pp. 60-62.

7. Burlakova L. V. et al. Otsenka poverkhnostnykh, podzemnykh i talykh vod severo-zapadnogo Zauralya [Assessment of surface, underground and melt waters of the northwestern Trans-Urals]. - 2006: 80.

8. Donnik I. M., Shkuratova I. A., Khasina E. I. et al. Problemy zhivotnovodstva v promyshlennykh regionakh [Problems of livestock farming in industrial regions]. - Agrarnyy vestnik Urala. - 2012 (3 (95). -pp. 49-51.

9. Donnik I. M., Shkuratova I. A., Isaeva A. G. et al. Fiziologicheskie osobennosti zhivotnykh v rayonakh tekhnogennogo zagryazneniya [Physiological characteristics of animals in areas of technogenic pollution]. - Agrarnyy vestnik Urala. - 2012 (1 (93). - pp. 26-28.

10. Ekologicheskaya karta Sverdlovskoy oblasti [Ecological map of the Sverdlovsk region]. - https://sloboda-ural.ucoz.ru/photo/ehkologija/ ehkologicheskaja_karta_sverdlovskoj_oblasti/10-0-152/.

11. Koshelev S. N., Donnik I. M., Burlakova L. V. et al. Ekotoksikanty v rastitelnykh i pishchevykh tsepyakh zon razmeshcheniya khimicheskogo oruzhiya [Ecotoxicants in plant and food chains of chemical weapons zones]. - 2007.

12-15. Vide supra.

Author affiliation:

Krivonogova Anna S., D. Sc. in Biology, docent, leading scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 а, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: tel-89826512934@yandex.ru.

Loginov Egor A., laboratory assistant of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 а, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: loginov.ea19@gmail.com.

Bespamyatnykh Elisey N., Ph. D. in Biology, senior scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 а, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: demon-orth@mail.ru.

Lysova Yana Yu., senior scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 а, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: boris.wet@mail.ru.

Moiseeva Ksenia V., junior scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 а, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: moiseeva456@yandex.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Isaeva Albina G., D. Sc. in Biology, docent, leading scientific researcher of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 а, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-343-2572044; e-mail: isaeva.05@bk.ru.