Morphological characteristics of equine teeth

UDC 619:616.314.5

Kontsevaya S.Yu., Pekurovskiy D.A.

Summary. Phylogenetic development of the digestive tract in monogastric animals had a special influence on the structure of the whole dento-maxillary apparatus. Equine skeleton of the tooth has a very complex structure from its functional load. This led to the fact that the teeth crowns have acquired a very broad chewing surface. Due to the fact that the enamel structure has a specific location and the ratio to the dentin, the equine teeth are of the folded type. Not fully determined the impact of spontaneously occurring acute and chronic diseases of the oral cavity, thus it is necessary to study the morphological changes occurring in them. Using histological examination we found that the cement has a view of the reservoir, forms the outer layer of the tooth. Due to this structure of tooth enamel outer layer has a few sharp looks and lies between the dentin and cement. On the basis of morphological studies we have established odontometrics codes of different classes teeth: module and massive crown. We believe that these studies should be included in a complex dental treatment of equine with an individual approach in each case, involving in the first stage of orthodontic remedy anomalies followed by orthopedic correction of tooth crown and dentition. Dental anomalies in adult horses is often accompanied by significant structural and functional impairment because of delayed treatment, so we believe it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination of not only dentition, but also the entire dentition to determine the prognosis of treatment and adjust of diet feeding.

Keywords: horse, surgery, dentistry, incisors, premolars, histology, ordontometrics, cement, enamel, dentine.

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Author affiliation:

Kontsevaya Svetlana Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, Vice Rector for innovative development of the Russian Academy of staffing of agroindustrial complex; 15, Orenburgskaia st., Moscow, 111621; phone: 8(495)7000668; e-mail: rako-apk@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Pekurovskiy Dmitry A., post-graduate student of the Skryabin Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology; 23, Akademika Skryabina st., Moscow; phone: 8(915)1801106; e-mail: pekurovskii@mail.ru.