Economic-biological features of heifers used for reproduction of cattle population in Krasnodar region

UDC 636.2.033

Shchukina I.V., Koshchaev A.G.

Summary. Unique gene pool of large horned cattle of dairy and beef productivity was formed in Krasnodar region. Authors formed five experimental groups of cattle of the most common breeds in the region to assess the heifers. Authors studied the main economic, biological and exterior features: live weight, measurements, and evaluated the exterior. Studies found that Charolais heifers in the age of 8-month surpassed Simmental at 17.4 kg among intensive species with the largest body weight throughout the growing period. Simmental heifers at the age of one year outpaced Charolais at 9.2 kg (R<0,05), and in 15 months old – 10 kg (R<0,05). Heifers of red steppe breed of Kuban type had the highest rates of relative growth rates over the entire period of growth, so they had an advantage over the Aberdeen-Angus at 19.1%, Charolais – 5.6%, Hereford – 6.2%, and the difference over Simmental was not fixed. Is sufficient to note that indices of stretch (Red Steppe – 9%, Charolais – 13.8%, Hereford – 16.1%) and pelvic-thoracic (Aberdeen Angus – 5.4%) increased during the period of cultivation. It reduces leggy index of the Red Steppe breed by 5.6%, Charolais – by 10.9%. In conclusion, authors argue that development of young livestock of all breeds succeeds, as well as about the exceptional originality and value in tribal and economic relation farmed large horned cattle of meat and dairy productivity in the south of Russia.

Key words: beef cattle, breed standard, Charolais, Simmental, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Red Steppe breed, Kuban type, rearing, live weight, beef production.

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Author affiliation:

Shchukina Irina V., Ph. D. in Agriculture, docent of the Kuban State Agrarian University; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8(861)221-57-84; e-mail: iv_shukina@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Koshchaev Andrey G., D.Sc. in Biology, Professor, Vice Rector for Research of the Kuban State Agrarian University; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8(861)221-57-84; e-mail: kagbio@mail.ru.