Peculiarities of seasonal mycotoxin contamination of raw grain and mixed fodders in Krasnodar region

Koshchaev A. G., Khmara I. V.

Summary. As a result of the conducted monitoring of mycotoxins in raw grain by season at poultry farms of Krasnodar region authors revealed six mycotoxins. Authors also studied the natural contamination level of the main types of grain forages. Frequency of contamination varied considerably from 26% to 69%, while the overall trend by years of research did not changed significantly. In analyzing the data on the detection rate of mycotoxins in feed samples by season authors found that studied mycotoxins are detected during the whole year, at the same time zearalenone and deoxynivalenol were more commonly found in the samples analyzed during winter period, T-2 toxin and ochratoxin A – in spring, fumonisin B1 and aflatoxin B1 – in summer. During the study authors proved that the concentration of mycotoxins does not depend on weather and climatic conditions of the year, but it is characterized by seasonal variability, and its variability is affected by the season.

Key words: mycotoxins, mixed fodder T-2 toxin, zearalenone, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol.

References:

1. Korosteleva L.A., Koshchaev A.G. Osnovy ekologii mikroorganizmov [Basics of microbial ecology]. – Lan. – Saint Petersburg, 2013. – 240 p.
2. Korosteleva L.A., Koshchaev A.G. Ekologiya mikroorganizmov s osnovami biotekhnologii [Microbial ecology and basics of biotechnology]. – Krasnodar, 2010. – 274 p.
3. Koshchaev A.G. Biotekhnologiya proizvodstva i primenenie funktsionalnykh kormovykh dobavok dlya ptitsy [Biotechnology of production and application of functional feed additives for poultry]. – Krasnodar, 2008.
4. Koshchaev A.G., Petenko A.I. Kormovaya dobavka na osnove assotsiativnoy mikroflory: tehnologiya polucheniya i ispolzovanie [Feed additive on basis of associative microflora: production technology and use]. – Biotekhnologiya. – Moscow, 2007 (2). – pp. 57-62.
5. Koshchaev A.G., Khmara I.V., Koshchaeva O.V., Petenko A.I., Plutakhin G.A., Yaroshenko V.A. Sposob prigotovleniya pitatelnoy sredy dlya kultivirovaniya mikroorganizmov [Method of preparation of a nutrient medium for microbial cultivation]. – Pat. 2222593, Russian Federation, 27.01.04 (3).
6. Petenko A.I., Yaroshenko V.A., Koshchaev A.G., Molotilin Yu.I., Andreeva E.V., Shevchenko L.P. Sposob polucheniya kormovoy dobavki dlya profilaktiki toksikozov [Method for producing of feed additive for toxicose preventions]. – Pat. 2261619, Russian Federation, 10.10.05, (28).
7. Petenko A.I., Yaroshenko V.A., Koshchaev A.G., Ushakova N.A. Sposob polucheniya zhidkogo probioticheskogo preparata [Method for producing of liquid probiotic]. – Pat. 2266126, Russian Federation, 20.12.05, (35).
8. Petenko A.I., Yaroshenko V.A., Koshchaev A.G., Ushakova N.A. Probioticheskaya kompozitsiya dlya zhivotnykh i ptitsy [Probiotic composition for animals and poultry]. – Pat. 2266747, Russian Federation, 27.12.05, (36).
9. Petenko A.I., Yaroshenko V.A., Koshchaev A.G., Ushakova N.A., Chernukha B.A. Sposob polucheniya sukhogo probioticheskogo preparata "Bacell" [Method for producing of dry probiotic Bacell©]. – Pat. 2280464, Russian Federation, 27.07.06, (21).
10. Petenko A.I. Koshchaev A.G., Zholobova I.S., Sazonova N.V. Biotekhnologiya kormov i kormovykh dobavok [Biotechnology of forages and feed additives]. – Krasnodar, 2011. – 454 p.
11. Petenko A.I., Karganyan A.K., Yaroshenko V.A., Koshchaev A.G. Biotehnologicheskie resheniya pri proizvodstve kormov [Biotechnological decisions for forage production]. – Veterinariya Kubani. – Krasnodar, 2006 (3). – pp. 22-24.
12. Petenko A.I., Koshchaev A.G. Tekhnologiya kormoproduktov i kormovykh dobavok funktsionalnogo naznacheniya: tom 1 [Technology of food products and feed additives of functional purpose: vol. 1]. – Krasnodar, 2007. – 490 p.
13. Petenko A.I., Koshchaev A.G. Tekhnologiya kormoproduktov i kormovykh dobavok funktsionalnogo naznacheniya: tom 2 [Technology of food products and feed additives of functional purpose: vol. 2]. – Krasnodar, 2007. – 620 p.
14. Petenko A.I., Yaroshenko V.A., Koshchaev A.G., Karganyan A.K. Obespechenie biologicheskoy bezopasnosti kormov [For biosafety of forages]. – Veterinariya. – Moscow, 2006 (7). – pp. 7-11.
15. Khmara I.V. Biotekhnologicheskie aspekty proizvodstva i primeneniya preparata na osnove kultury Bacillus nigricans 132 dlya profilaktiki aflatoksikozov ptits [Biotechnological aspects of production and application of a preparation based on Bacillus nigricans 132 culture for the prevention of avian Aflatoxicosis]. – Krasnodar, 2002.
16. Clear R.M., Patrick S.K., Gaba D. Prevalence of fungal and fusariotoxins on oat seed from western Canada// Can. J. Plant Pathol. 2010. – 32. N°3. – P. 310-314.
17. Gentry, P. Effects of hemostasis and red cell production// Trichotecene mycotoxicosis: pathophysiologic effects, 1 (vol.2). Edited by Beasley V.R. New York. – 1989. – P. 39-60.
18. Scott P.M. Industrial and farm detoxification processes for mucotoxins: Pap. Satellite Meet LUTOX 8th int. Congr. Toxicol "Mycotoxins Food Chain" Tolouse July 2-4, 1998 MYCOTOX’98 // Rev. med. vet (Fr) 1998. – 149, N°6 – P. 543-548.

Author affiliation

Khmara Irina V., graduate of the Kuban State Agrarian University; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8 (861) 221-57-84; e-mail: khmara@rbcmail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Koshchaev Andrey G., D.Sc., professor of the department of biotechnology, biochemistry and biophysics of the Kuban State Agrarian University; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8(861)221-57-84: e-mail: kagbio@mail.ru.