Informativity and significance of leukocyte indices during heat stress in laying hens

УДК 619:616.15:612.57:636.52/.58
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-1-22-25

Malkov S.V., Krasnoperov A.S., Oparina O.Yu., Belousov A.I., Poryvaeva A.P., Vereshchak N.A.

Summary. Evaluation of the information content and significance of changes in integral leukocyte indices during the period of exposure to temperature stress on the body of laying hens was the goal of our work. It has been proven that hyperthermia has a significant negative impact on all physiological processes in the body, including changes in the parameters of the complete blood count. A new feed additive based on dried live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. Boulardii was used in experimental chickens to reduce the negative effects of heat stress. It was found that the temperature stress factor causes a restructuring of the leukocyte system of blood and leads to significant changes in the values of leukocyte integral indices. A distinct dynamics of the formation of a response to hyperthermia was recorded in laying hens of the control group, which was significantly reflected in all values of the calculated integral coefficients. The maximum changes were registered in the following deflators: an increase in the index of the ratio of lymphocytes and eosinophils (1.5 times) and an index of the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes (1.4 times), against the background of a decrease in the index of the ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes (1.6 times) which led to the development of an acute reaction to stress. In the group of birds that received the feed additive, similar changes were recorded, but with a lower intensity. This indicates a high degree of stress resistance and adaptation to the simulated thermal load according to the physiological type. Thus, the determination of leukocyte indices makes it possible to assess the reactivity of the organism of laying hens to a temperature stress factor and to monitor the effectiveness of the use of corrective feed additives.

Keywords: poultry farming, laying hens, temperature stress, hyperthermia, complete blood count, leukocyte formula, leukocyte indices, feed additive, endogenous intoxication, body reactivity.

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Author affiliation:

Malkov Sergey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-912-2485082; e-mail: aibolit_2001@mail.ru.

Oparina Olga Yu., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-912-6011634; e-mail: olia91oparina@yandex.ru.

Belousov Alexander I., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-908-6390771; e-mail: white-knight@mail.ru.

Poryvaeva Antonina P., D.Sc. in Biology, leading scientific researcher of the Department of epizootological monitoring and prediction of infectious diseases of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-922-1122095; e-mail: app1709@inbox.ru.

Vereshchak Natalya A., Doctor in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-999-5652973; e-mail: vereshakna@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Krasnoperov Alexander S., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the Department of ecology and non-infectious pathology of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 112 a, Belinskogo st., Ekaterinburg, 620142; phone: 8-903-0833132; e-mail: marafon.86@list.ru.