Features of wound skin defect healing under influence of autologous cell products of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and stromal-vascular fraction

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-1-30-32

Borkhunova E.N., Nadezhdin D.V.

Summary. Skin injuries, especially long-term non-healing or chronic wounds, are an urgent problem in veterinary medicine. The most promising materials for cell therapy of skin defects are currently multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and stromal-vascular fraction, which can stimulate the regeneration process. The aim of the work was to identify the features of the healing of an induced skin wound under the influence of an autologous suspension of cells of the stromal-vascular fraction and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells based on a complex of morphological and morphometric studies. Authors studied the course of reparative regeneration of the skin after applying a patch wound under the influence of a cell suspension from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and autologous cells of the stromal-vascular fraction under the conditions of an experiment on guinea pigs. Cellular material was obtained by liposuction from the animals' withers. Autologous adipose tissue was used to prepare a cell suspension containing a set of cells (fibroblasts, pericytes, macrophages, fat cells, endothelial cells) that make up the stromal-vascular fraction. The obtained data indicate that the use of cellular products leads to faster (compared to control) healing of the defect, the formation of a regenerate, morphologically similar to the surrounding intact skin. The restoration of the structural zones of the skin was microscopically detected: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue in the structure of the regenerate. Small area of the cicatricial structure remained, the area of which was significantly smaller than that of the control analogs in the central part of the regenerate. Authors concluded that the use of cellular products enhances the processes of reparative regeneration and is an effective method of influence in the treatment of skin wounds.

Keywords: skin, tissue, wound, regenerate, scar, remodeling, reparative regeneration, autologous cell products, stromal-vascular fraction, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells.

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Author affiliation:

Borkhunova Elena N., D.Sc. in Biology, professor of the department of animal anatomy and histology named after professor A.F. Klimov of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology - MVA named after K.I. Skryabin; 23 apt., 4 build., 17, Zelenodolskaya st., Moscow, 109457; phone: 8-916-7175715; e-mail: borhunova@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Nadezhdin Dmitriy V., post-graduate student of the department of animal anatomy and histology named after professor A.F. Klimov of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology - MVA named after K.I. Skryabin; 8 apt., 7, Dubki vllg., Ramensky district, Moscow region, 140163; phone: 8-901-3609867; e-mail: nadaki@mail.ru.