Influence of bovine leukemia virus infection on hematological parameters of cows at different periods of pregnancy

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-1-3-5

Basova N.Yu., Staroselov M.A., Skhatum A.K., Pachina V.V., Kovalyuk N.V., Tikhonov S.V.

Summary. Leukemia occupies a leading place in the structure of infectious pathologies in large horned cattle, creating serious economic and veterinary problems. Analysis of statistical materials of veterinary reports indicates a wide spread of infection caused by the bovine leukemia virus, which has a pronounced immunosuppressive effect on the organism of infected animals, while the genetic predisposing of infection of the livestock leads to a decrease in resistance, thereby activating the spread of the pathogen among susceptible animals and contributing to the occurrence of outbreaks of acute viral and bacterial diseases among the livestock. In this situation, one of the ways to solve the problem is to increase the overall resistance of the animal organism, which reduces the likelihood of infection, including the use of complex immunomodulators. Authors carried out studies on the effect of infection with the bovine leukemia virus on the hematological parameters of cows in different periods of pregnancy. The morphological parameters of the blood of cows were studied for 6 months and 30 days before calving. It has been proved that in the first trimester of pregnancy in animals infected by the leukemia virus, the total number of leukocytes increased, absolute and relative lymphocytes, while the percentage and absolute number of neutrophilic granulocytes decreased in comparison with intact cows, which is evidence of the immunodeficiency state. While the red blood counts did not differ significantly in different groups. The morphological blood counts in cows infected with the bovine leukemia virus returned to normal and did not differ significantly from not-infected animals a month before calving.

Keywords: large horned cattle, virus, leukemia, prevention, infection, immunodiffusion reaction, hematology, serology, epizootology, clinical signs.

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Author affiliation:

Basova Natalya Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Head of the Department of Therapy and Obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Zootechnology and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; e-mail: knivitherapy@gmail.com.

Skhatum Aminet K., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the Department of Therapy and Obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Zootechnology and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; e-mail: knivitherapy@gmail.com.

Pachina Valentina V., scientific researcher of the Department of Therapy and Obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Zootechnology and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-3472042; e-mail: knivitherapy@gmail.com.

Kovalyuk Natalya V., D.Sc. in Biology, leading scientific researcher of the Laboratory of Biotechnology of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Zootechnology and Veterinary Medicine; 4, Pervomayskaya st., Znamenskiy sttl., Krasnodar.

Tikhonov Sergey V., Ph.D. in Biology, docent of the Department of anatomy, veterinary obstetrics and surgery of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-4811936; e-mail: tikhonov14@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Staroselov Mikhail A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, leading scientific researcher of the Department of Therapy and Obstetrics of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Zootechnology and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1-ya Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-1779314; e-mail: knivitherapy@gmail.com.