Forms of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia course in fisheries of the North Caucasus regions

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2020-1-26-29

Basankina V.M.

Summary. Bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish is widespread in the Russian Federation, including in the regions of the North Caucasus. Clinically, the disease is manifested by the presence of separate serous-hemorrhagic sites on the skin, usually in the head and abdomen, inflammation of the fins, ulcerations (abscesses) on the skin, ascites and occasionally protrusion of the anus. The etiological structure of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish includes a wide range of pathogens belonging to both the Aeromonadaceae family and bacteria of other families: Pseudomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Bacillaceae, Staphylococccaceae, Moraxellaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Microavocacteriaceae, Microavocactaeceae. The main causative agents of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish are opportunistic bacteria of the genus Aeromonas. This disease can occur in three forms: acute, subacute and chronic. The form of the course of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish depends on the temperature of the water, the species of the fish, the contamination of the reservoir, the amount of oxygen, the density of fish and other factors that reduce the resistance of the fish organism. The incubation period of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish on average lasts from three to thirty days. Bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish most often occurs in the form of endogenous autoinfection, which is caused by weakly virulent pathogens located in the body of fish - representatives of the normal intestinal microflora. At the acute form of the disease, the death of fish reaches 90-100%, at subacute - up to 75%. The climatic conditions of the regions of the North Caucasus - high year-round water temperature, sharp fluctuations in the temperature of water and air in the winter-spring and autumn-winter periods contribute to the spread of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish in natural waters.

Keywords: bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish, pathogens, form of disease, clinical signs, pathological picture, fish families, sturgeon, cyprinidae, catfish, salmon, fisheries, aquaculture.

References:

1. Bychkova L.I. Mikrobiotsenoz raduzhnoy foreli (Oncorynchusmykiss Walbaum) i vodnoy sredy pri sadkovom vyrashchivanii [Microbiocenosis of rainbow trout (Oncorynchusmykiss Walbaum) and aquatic environment in cage culture]. - Moscow, 2002. - 20 p.

2. Dugazhurpova E.D., Tsydypov V.Ts. Morfologicheskie i biokhimicheskie kharakteristiki aeromonad, vydelennykh ot ryb iz nekotorykh vodoemov respubliki Buryatiya [Morphological and biochemical characteristics of aeromonads isolated from fish from some reservoirs of the Republic of Buryatia]. - 2012: 11-16.

3. Elizov V.I. Aeromonoz v regione Baykala [Aeromonosis in Baikal region]. - Ulan-Ude, 2006. - pp. 151-154.

4. Instruktsiya o meropriyatiyakh po borbe s aeromonozom karpovykh ryb [Instruction on measures to combat aeromonosis of carp fish]. - Moscow, 1998.

5. Kataeva L.V. Biologicheskaya kharakteristika bakteriy roda Aeromonas, vydelennykh iz mollyuskov-bitiniid i vodoema [Biological characteristics of bacteria of Aeromonas genus isolated from molluscs-bitiniids and reservoir]. - Vestnik OGU. - Orenburg, 2015 (4). - pp. 236-239.

6. Kovalenko M.V. Optimizatsiya metodov vyrashchivaniya osetrovykh ryb v upravlyayemykh usloviyakh vodnoy sredy [Optimization of methods for production of sturgeon fish in controlled conditions of aquatic environment]. - Astrakhan, 2007. - 18 p.

7. Kotlyarchuk M.Yu. Mikrobnyy peyzazh karpa (Cyprinus carpio L.) pri vyrashchivanii v ustanovke s zamknutym tsiklom vodoobespecheniya [Microbial landscape of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) grown in closed water cycle]. - Kaliningrad, 2004. - 26 p.

8. Lartseva L.V. Problema aeromonadnoy obsemennosti vody i ryby v delte Volgi [Problem of aeromonod contamination of water and fish in the Volga delta]. - Moscow, 2000. - pp. 82-83.

9. Neretin M.V. Veterinarno-sanitarnaya ekspertiza karpovykh ryb pri aeromonoze [Veterinary and sanitary examination of cyprinids at aeromonosis]. - Moscow, 2007. - 23 p.

10. Obukhova O.V., Lartseva L.V., Lisitskaya I.A. Rol aeromonad v monitoringe gidroekosistemy Volgo-Kaspiyskogo regiona [Role of aeromonads in monitoring of the Volga-Caspian region hydroecosystem]. - 2011: 15-17.

11. Sergeenko N.V., Ovcharenko L.V., Gavryuseva T.V., Zhukova L.A. Patogeny razlichnoy etiologii u gorbushi Kamchatki [Pathogens of various etiologies in pink salmon of Kamchatka]. - Borok, 2011. - pp. 150-153.

12. Ustimenko E.A., Sergeenko N.V. Vozbuditel furunkuleza A. salmonicida u polovozreloy nerki (Oncorhynchus nercaWalbaum) iz oz. Azabachye [Causative agent of furunculosis A. salmonicida in mature sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nercaWalbaum) from Lake Azabachye]. - Problems of fisheries. - Moscow, 2011 (12 (3 (47))). - pp. 576-586.

13. Shchelkunov I.S., Yaremenko N.A. Epizootologicheskiy monitoring - neobkhodimoe i realnoe uslovie ustoychivogo razvitiya akvakultury i obespecheniya blagopoluchiya vodoemov Rossii [Epizootological monitoring - necessary and real condition for sustainable development of aquaculture and ensuring the well-being of water reservoirs in Russia]. - Moscow, 2005.

14. Yaremenko N.A., Machnev A.N. Epizooticheskaya obstanovka po zaraznym boleznyam ryb v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Epizootic situation on fish infectious diseases in the Russian Federation]. - Moscow, 2000.

Author affiliation: Basankina Viktoria M., veterinarian of the department of bacteriology of the Krasnodar Interregional Veterinary Laboratory, postgraduate student of the Krasnodar Research Veterinary Institute; 15, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-918-2593649; e-mail: vbasankina@mail.ru - responsible for correspondence with the editorial board.