Distribution and flight dates of bloodsucking dipterans and gadflies on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous district

DOI 1033861/20718020-2019-1-21-24

Fyodorova O.A., Siben A.N., Khlyzova T.A.

Summary. Most of the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is characterized by favorable conditions for the development and distribution of bloodsucking dipterous insects and gadflies - parasites of reindeer. Preservation and development of the reindeer herding is currently an urgent task, especially now, during the period of active development of the Arctic. Reindeer is one of the main components of this fragile ecosystem; moreover, the well-being of the indigenous people of the district depends on the reindeer herding. Along with the increasing effect of anthropogenic factors, parasitic diseases have a significant impact on the well-being of reindeer herding, in particular, aquatic invasions and the attack of bloodsucking dipterous insects cause significant damage to the industry. The harmful effect of bloodsucking Diptera is aggravated by the fact that they are carriers of many infectious and invasive diseases of humans and animals, as well as breeding plants for significant damage to reindeer herding. There are 2 types of gadfly on the territory of the district found in all natural and climatic zones of the region. The species composition, number and timing of the insect midge complex variability vary in different climatic zones. The maximum species diversity (75 species) are recorded in the forest-tundra zone. To justify the expediency and timing of measures to protect reindeer from the attack of midges and gadflies on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, the distribution of these parasitic insects in the climatic zones of the tundra, forest-tundra and subzone of the northern taiga has been studied; periods of mass flight of horseflies, mosquitoes, midges, wood lice, gadflies.

Key words: reindeer, midge, horsefly, mosquitoe, gnat, wood lice, gadflies, number, tundra, forest tundra, taiga, Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region.

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Author affiliation:

Khlyzova Tatyana A., Ph.D. in Biology, Senior Scientific Researcher of the Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; 15, acad. Yu. Osipova st., Tobolsk, 626152; phone: 8-909-7358488; e-mail: labdezinsekcii@mail.ru.

Siben Anna Nikolaevna, Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Senior Scientific Researcher of the All-Russian scientific research institute of veterinary entomology and arachnology - Branch of Federal State instuition Federal Research centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; 2, Institutskaya st., Tyumen,

625041; phone: 8-3452-258558; e-mail: jroschewitsch@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Fyodorova Olga A., Ph.D. in Biology, Scientific Researcher of the All-Russian scientific research institute of veterinary entomology and arachnology - Branch of Federal State instuition Federal Research centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; 2, Institutskaya st., Tyumen, 625041; phone: 8-982-9251805; e-mail: fiodorova-olia@mail.ru.