African swine fever in Krasnodar region

Gromyko E.V., Grin V.A., Chernykh O.Yu., Shevchenko A.A.

Summary

African swine fever (ASF) currently represents the most serious danger to pig breeding, that is an important sector of animal husbandry in Krasnodar region. African swine fever, or Montgomery disease, is a highly contagious infectious disease of pigs, characterized by fever, extensive hemorrhages and cyanoses of skin, severe dystrophic and necrotic lesions of cells of the reticuloendothelial system, internal organs and high mortality. In accordance with Regulation of the International Office of Epizootics (OIE) African swine fever relates to extremely dangerous and economically significant diseases of animals, inflicting great damage to swine breeding.

Virus is reproduced in the body of wild and domestic pigs (monocytes, macrophages and reticuloendothelial cells), in cultures of bone marrow cells and white blood cells. The virus is stable to a broad range of temperatures, pH changes, desiccation and decay.

Since 2008, disease is registered in various private farms and companies of Krasnodar region. Analysis of epizootic situation showed that outbreaks of ASF occurred more often in private farms. Human factor plays the leading role in the spread of African swine fever.

In order to prevent the spread of ASF in specially protected natural areas of federal significance, control over a condition of populations of wild boars is enhanced.

Key words: pig breeding, pigs, wild boars, African swine fever, outbreak, focus, livestock products, elimination, virus, blood tests and monitoring of pathological material.

References

1. Sidorchuk A.A. Infektsionnye bolezni zhivotnykh [Infectious diseases of animals]. – Мoscow. – Kolos. – 2007. – pp. 372-380. – Print. (in Russ.).
2. Bakulov I.A., Vologina I.V. Epizooticheskaya situatsiya po osobo opasnym boleznyam zhivotnykh v 2007-2008 godakh na osnove novoy klassifikatsii MEB [Epizootic situation on especially dangerous animal diseases in 2007-2008 on the basis of a new classification of the OIE]. – Pokrov (2008): pp. 6-13. – Print. (in Russ.).
3. Kurinnov V.V. Vspyshka afrikanskoy chumy sviney v khozyaystvakh zakrytogo tipa [Outbreak of African swine fever in closed type economies]. – 2009. – pp. 57–61. – Print. (in Russ.).

Author affiliation

Gromyko Evgeny V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Deputy Head of the Administration of Krasnodar region; 36, Rashpilevskaya st., Krasnodar, 350000; phone: 8(861)262-19-23.

Grin Vladimir A., Acting Head of the State Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region; 36, Rashpilevskaya st., Krasnodar, 350000; phone: 8(861)262-19-23; e-mail: vet@istnet.ru.

Chernykh Oleg Yu., director of the Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory; 303, Krasnoarmeyskaya st., Kropotkin, Krasnodar region, 352380; tel.: 8(861-38) 65485.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Shevchenko Alexander A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, chief of the department of epizootology, microbiology and virology of the Kuban State Agrarian University; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, Russia, 350004; phone/fax: +7 (861) 221-58-20.