DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-5-19-22
Nurlygayanova G.A., Belousov V.I., Sharypov A.S., Zyuzgina S.V., Devrishova Z.S.
Summary. An analysis of the results of equine leptospirosis diagnostics by methods used in practice in state veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation (bacteriological, serological (microagglutination reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)), molecular genetic (polymerase chain reaction method) for the period 2018-2020 is presented in the article. The veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation received 225,582 horses blood serum samples for research on leptospirosis, for which research was carried out in the microagglutination reaction – 1,516,087, in ELISA – 1,039, 12,770 samples reacted positively. The analysis of the reported data for the last three years in the 4-vet form showed that the epizootic situation in equine leptospirosis in the Russian Federation remains difficult. The level of infection of horses with Leptospira averaged 5.7%. In 2020, the largest number of positive responders in microagglutination reaction were detected in 9 regions; among the studied animals, specific leptospirotic antibodies were found from 1.6% to 65.0% of cases. The dominant serogroups of leptospira in horses in the Russian Federation are Icterohaemorrhagiae and Grippotyphosa, up to 34% and 19.7%, respectively. Over the past three years, 1,907 urine samples from horses have been examined by dark-field microscopy; live leptospira have been found in only 1 case. To improve the epizootic situation in horses leptospirosis in Russia, it is necessary to increase the number of bacteriological and molecular biological studies for the timely detection of the causative agent of the disease – L. interrogans. In disadvantaged regions, it is necessary to use antileptospirosis vaccines in accordance with the specific etiological structure of animal leptospirosis, which is relevant for a specific territory.
Keywords: horses, leptospirosis, causative agent, leptospira, serogroup, laboratory research, methods, epizootic situation, vaccine, regions of Russia.
References:
1. Ananyina Yu.V. Leptospirozy lyudey i zhivotnykh: tendentsii rasprostraneniya i problemy profilaktiki [Leptospirosis in humans and animals: distribution trends and prevention problems]. – Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. – Moscow, 2010 (2 (51)). – pp. 13-16.
2. Zueva E.V., Stoyanova N.A., Tokarevich N.K., Totolyan Areg A. Identifikatsiya serovarov Leptospira metodom MALDI-TOF mass-spektrometrii [Identification of Leptospira serovars by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry]. – Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii. – Moscow, 2017 (1). – pp. 42-49.
3. Belousov V.I., Nurlygayanova G.A., Varentsova A.A., Bazarbaev S.B. Laboratornaya diagnostika i sovershenstvovanie profilaktiki leptospiroza zhivotnykh v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Laboratory diagnostics and improvement of the prevention of leptospirosis in animals in the Russian Federation]. – Trudy VNIIEV im. Ya.R. Kovalenko. – Moscow, 2018 (80 (2)). – pp. 46-52.
4. Malakhov Yu.A., Panin A.N., Soboleva G.L. Leptospiroz zhivotnykh [Leptospirosis of animals]. – Dia-press. – Yaroslavl, 2000. – 584 p.
5. Nakhmanson V.M., Burda L.G. Differentsialnaya diagnostika infektsionnykh bolezney selskokhozyaystvennykh zhivotnykh [Differential diagnosis of infectious diseases of farm animals]. – 1990: 255 p.
6. Petrova L.A. Osobennosti epizooticheskogo protsessa leptospiroza loshadey [Features of the epizootic process of equine leptospirosis]. – Krasnodar, 2006. – 20 p.
7. Roberman M.G. Sinantropizatsiya leptospiroza v usloviyakh megapolisa i ego prigorodov [Synanthropization of leptospirosis in the metropolis and its suburbs]. – Nizhny Novgorod, 2016. – 197 p.
8. Soboleva G.L. Ananyina Yu.V., Nepoklonova I.V. Aktualnye voprosy leptospiroza lyudey i zhivotnykh [Actual issues of leptospirosis in humans and animals]. – Russian veterinary journal. – Moscow, 2017 (8). – pp. 13-17.
9.Tokarevich N.K., Stoyanova N.A. Epidemiologicheskie aspekty antropogennogo vliyaniya na evolyutsiyu leptospirozov [Epidemiological aspects of anthropogenic influence on the evolution of leptospirosis]. – Infektsiya i immunitet. – St. Petersburg, 2011 (1 (1)). – pp. 67-76.
10. Kuzmin V.A., Fogel L.S., Savenkov K.S., Kuzina T.B. Epizootologicheskie osobennosti leptospiroza loshadey [Epizootological features of equine leptospirosis]. – Hippology and Veterinary. – St. Petersburg, 2016 (1 (19)). – pp. 15-21.
11. Bolotskiy I.A., Sementsov V.I., Prutsakov S.V., Vasilyev A.K., Pakhomov A.V. Epizooticheskaya rol dikikh zhivotnykh pri leptospiroze na Severnom Kavkaze [Epizootic role of wild animals in leptospirosis in the North Caucasus]. – Veterinaria Kubani. – Krasnodar, 2009 (3). – pp. 15-16.
12-14. Vide supra.
Author affiliation:
Belousov Vasiliy I., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Professor, Chief Scientific Researcher of the Department of coordination of research works of the Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory; 23, Oranzhereynaya st., Moscow, 111622.
Sharypov Andrey S., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Scientific Researcher of the Department of Coordination of Research Works of the Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory; 23, Oranzhereynaya st., Moscow, 111622; phone: 8-495-7000137; e-mail: cnmvl@cnmvl.ru.
Zyuzgina Svetlana V., Senior Scientific Researcher of the Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory; 23, Oranzhereynaya st., Moscow, 111622; phone: 8-495-7000137; e-mail: cnmvl@cnmvl.ru.
Devrishova Zelikha S., Scientific Researcher of the Department of Molecular Research of the Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory; 23, Oranzhereynaya st., Moscow, 111622; e-mail: zul3646@yandex.ru.
Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Nurlygayanova Gulnara A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, Leading Scientific Researcher of the Department of Coordination of Research Works of the Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory; 23, Oranzhereynaya st., Moscow, 111622; phone: 8-495-7000137; e-mail: cnmvl@cnmvl.ru.
http://vetkuban.com/en/num5_2011713.html