ÓÄÊ 619:615.036.8
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2022-4-30-33
Drozd M.N., Usevich V.M., Barkova A.S., Burtseva T.V.
Summary. Veterinary practice is increasingly faced with issues of intoxication in animals associated with poisoning with poisonous plants, dangerous rodenticides and other toxicants. In modern conditions of inadequate use of rodenticides, the activity of dog-hunters leads to acute poisoning of dogs, sometimes cats. Timely identification of the cause of animal ill health is a successful treatment and preservation of life. When the cause is known, therapy is more successful. The selection of an effective scheme depends on many factors: the time and effectiveness of the drugs themselves. The article describes the results of experimental studies on laboratory animals with poisoning with rodenticide - bromdialon. The aim of the study was to establish the maximum effectiveness of a vitamin antidote for bromdialon poisoning. During the study period, clinical, pathoanatomic and statistical methods were used. Clinical symptoms, pathoanatomic changes in the fallen, mortality and survival under various treatment regimens were determined in the studies. The survival rate of animals was determined depending on the start of antidote therapy. Studies were conducted on white mongrel rats aged 4-6 months, with a live weight of 360 grams, in the laboratory of the Department of Infectious and Non-Infectious Pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University. The antidote activity of vitamin K1 was determined. The novelty of the study lies in the experimental proof of therapeutic efficacy in terms of the number of surviving animals in experimental poisoning of laboratory rats and the relationship between survival and the speed of antidote therapy. The obtained results of the study will help practical veterinarians to make the right choice of antidote therapy and preserve the life of animals as much as possible. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the time interval from poisoning to treatment in order to correctly determine the prognosis and treatment tactics.
Keywords: rodenticides, poisoning, bromdialon, lethal outcome, antidotes, vitamin K, symptomatic therapy, antidote therapy, laboratory animals, white rats.
References:
1. Medetkhanov F.A., Khayrullin D.D., Mullakaeva L.A. et al. Veterinarnaya toksikologiya: ucheb.-metodich. posobie [Veterinary toxicology: educational and methodical manual]. - Kazan SAVM im. N.E. Baumana. - Kazan, 2017. - 133 p.
2. Voytsekhovskiy V.V., Zabolotskikh T.V., Tseluyko S.S. Priobretennye koagulopatii, obuslovlennye defitsitom vitamin-K-zavisimykh faktorov svertyvaniya krovi [Acquired coagulopathies caused by a deficiency of vitamin-K-dependent blood clotting factors]. - Amurskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. - 2019 (1 (25). -pp. 59-71.
3. Galstyan G.M. Primenenie kontsentratov protrombinovogo kompleksa po utverzhdennym i neutverzhdennym pokazaniyam: novye perspektivy starykh preparatov [Application of prothrombin complex concentrates according to approved and unapproved indications: new perspectives of old drugs]. - Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology. - 2018 (63 (1). - pp. 78-91.
4. Enin A.V. Osobennosti diagnostiki i lecheniya otravleniya sobak rodentitsidami [Features of diagnosis and treatment of poisoning of dogs with rodenticides]. - Nauchnyy vestnik Luganskogo natsionalnogo agrarnogo universiteta. - Lugansk, 2018 (3). - pp. 175-181.
5. Zakharova G.V., Pashovkina R.N., Krasnova R.R. Varfarin i ego analogi -antikoagulyanty kumarinovogo ryada v sudebno-khimicheskom i khimiko-toksikologicheskom analize [Varfarin and its analogues - coumarin anticoagulants in forensic chemical and chemical-toxicological analysis]. - Sudebnaya meditsina. -2019 (S1). - pp. 120-121.
6. Zimenkov V.A., Ibishov D.F. Prakticheskoe ispolzovanie antidotov pri otravleniyakh melkikh domashnikh zhivotnykh (obzor) [Practical use of antidotes for poisoning of small pets (review)]. - Izvestiya OGAU. - 2019 (4 (78). -pp. 178-181.
7. Ibishov D.F., Zimenkov V.A. Terapiya sobak pri otravlenii izoniazidom i antikoagulyantnymi rodentitsidami [Therapy of dogs with poisoning with isoniazid and anticoagulant rodenticides]. - Permskiy institut FSIN. - Perm, 2019. -pp. 19-21.
8. Ivleva E.A., Bogomolov D.V., Putintsev V.A., Bukeshov M.K. Osobennosti morfologicheskikh proyavleniy perezhivaniya otravleniya rodentitsidom [Features of morphological manifestations of the experience of poisoning by rodenticides]. -RUDN. - Moscow, 2017. - pp. 38-41.
9. Voytsekhovskiy V.V., Pivnik A.V., Filatova E.A. et al. Koagulopatiya pri intoksikatsii rodentitsidami - antagonistami vitamina K [Coagulopathy at intoxication with rodenticides - antagonists of vitamin K]. - Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. - 2020 (78). - pp. 161-177.
10. Galstyan G.M., Davydkin I.L., Nikolaeva A.S. et al. Sluchay massovogo otravleniya antikoagulyantnymi rodentitsidami [A case of mass poisoning with anticoagulant rodenticides]. - Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology. -2020 (2). - pp. 174-189.
11. Shereshkova S.E., Kovalenko P.S. Effektivnost modifitsirovannykh rodentitsidnykh primanok [Efficacy of modified rodenticidal baits]. - Rossiyskiy zhurnal. Problemy veterinarnoy sanitarii, gigieny i ekologii. - Moscow, 2021 (4 (40). -pp. 436-440.
12-15. Vide supra.
Author affiliation:
Drozd Marya N., senior lecturer of the Department of Infectious and Non-Infectious Pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, Karl Liebknecht st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; e-mail: umn100@yandex.ru.
Usevich Vera M., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent, Deputy Head of the Department of infectious and non-infectious pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, Karl Liebknecht st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; e-mail: vus5@yandex.ru.
Burtseva Tatyana V., Ph.D. in Pedagogy, docent of the Department of infectious and non-infectious pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University; 42, Karl Liebknecht st., Yekaterinburg, 620075; e-mail: burceva72@inbox.ru.
Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Barkova Anna S., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, Head of the Department of Production and Quality Expertise of Agricultural Products of the Kaliningrad State Technical University; phone: 8-4012-955618; e-mail: barkova.as@mail.ru.
http://vetkuban.com/en/num4_202210.html