ÓÄÊ 618:619
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-1-6-8
Chekrysheva V.V., Mltykhyan V.Kh.
Summary. Results of studies conducted on the basis of two cattle farms of Rostov region (Myasnikovsky district), as well as on the basis of the North Caucasian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute in the period from 2018 to 2020 are presented in the article. Huge number of methods and means of therapy were developed and used to treat cows at acute mastitis, including the use of antibiotics, sulfanilamide, hormonal and other drugs in view of the fact that mastitis is the widespread problem in the farms in Rostov region. The most effective is complex therapy, including antimicrobials intended for intracisternal administration, and pathogenetic methods, as well as measures aimed at stimulating the contractile function of the mammary gland and regenerative processes. However, much attention should be paid to the use of antimicrobials. Due to the frequent uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs, antibiotic resistance develops over time, and inflammatory diseases, including those of the mammary gland, are difficult to treat. In this regard, the study of the mammary gland secret microflora sensitivity to antimicrobials at mastitis is of practical and scientific interest to practicing veterinary specialists. In the course of the research the authors established that the incidence of cows with clinical mastitis in 2018 was 26.4%, in 2019 - 26.45% and in 2020 - 22.0%. The results of the bacteriological study of milk samples from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis showed that the share of pathogenic bacteria in milk samples annually accounts for 38-41%. It was established that mastitis in cows of the studied dairy farms is widespread, and the level of this pathology does not tend to decrease. According to the results of the research, the main share in the structure of the microflora isolated from the secretion of the udder of cows with mastitis belongs to the coccal microflora (89.4% of the total number of isolated cultures). As a result of studies of the udder secretion of cows with mastitis, pathogenic staphylococci (St. aureus) and streptococci (Str. agalactiae) occupied a large part (63.2%) among the isolated microflora.
Keywords: large horned cattle, cows, mammary gland, mammary secretion, inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis, microflora, antibiotics, antimicrobials.
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Author affiliation:
Mltykhyan Vasily Kh., veterinarian of the North Caucasian Zonal Scientific-Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 0, Rostovskoe hgw., Novocherkassk, Rostov region, 346421; e-mail: vasya_114ayd@mail.ru.
Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Chekrysheva Viktoria V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, director of the North Caucasian Zonal Scientific-Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 0, Rostovskoe hgw., Novocherkassk, Rostov region, 346421; phone: 8-908-5110139; e-mail: veterinar1987@mail.ru.
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